{"id":18477,"date":"2025-07-21T08:25:09","date_gmt":"2025-07-21T00:25:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/92it.top\/?p=18477"},"modified":"2025-07-21T08:25:09","modified_gmt":"2025-07-21T00:25:09","slug":"%e6%85%a2sql%e4%bc%98%e5%8c%96%ef%bc%9a%e4%bb%8e%e5%8f%91%e7%8e%b0%e5%88%b0%e8%a7%a3%e5%86%b3%e7%9a%84%e5%ae%8c%e6%95%b4%e5%ae%9e%e6%88%98%e6%8c%87%e5%8d%97","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/92it.top\/?p=18477","title":{"rendered":"\u6162SQL\u4f18\u5316\uff1a\u4ece\u53d1\u73b0\u5230\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u5b9e\u6218\u6307\u5357"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u8f6c\u8f7d\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzUyMzkwNjIzNg==&amp;mid=2247483903&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=7f94b39656469ab70c8e1148a027bd59&amp;chksm=fb252e78c93694b5fb6df47d33182a0584a6d02e7307f02859ff717a1cfd47d4f48913dbda09&amp;mpshare=1&amp;scene=1&amp;srcid=07204WmErgyISWqlFOwXNpze&amp;sharer_shareinfo=692da94f1502b8e5510dba242b89bd6d&amp;sharer_shareinfo_first=023f684ba04e4bf2d450b908b88f6d2b&amp;exportkey=n_ChQIAhIQIb6f1JTnXsRf14ExJADq5hL0AQIE97dBBAEAAAAAALq5CiZXSlQAAAAOpnltbLcz9gKNyK89dVj0Dnf%2FKohS%2FctPT10%2FJ8mPDbsMmXhuxWYqzPmFRAUcHOCv%2Bi1F9ueIBsGrrwLEiRIMtj%2BUu2hmn8q3dwBI6YBCmdIE%2FwCSV85%2FPD%2B70jsQRsezkHJw7jnCFTtOEyynJItH3dmCHYGcRK2pXI2wE3tCZlbvD9P4jIMfpAZ7IvD1NJbylvzBpmpchKAg6G5vf8zs2rNIqRRaqnoauBWkC%2BfeAbmur8cn%2FdzJGAIUtdvaffWW4Rezxkvfqw62xHNWvS64WQOtN3EKVLbMToGcYaA%3D&amp;acctmode=0&amp;pass_ticket=RqSObrJTjuEKndPjBS8z3dG%2Bchu8LBBrZ9TTmFuN%2Fw3MaqNYL%2BMbEX7cngd0i8es&amp;wx_header=0#rd\">\u6162SQL\u4f18\u5316\uff1a\u4ece\u53d1\u73b0\u5230\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u5b9e\u6218\u6307\u5357<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u6162SQL\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u9690\u5f62\u6740\u624b\uff0c\u4e00\u6761\u7cdf\u7cd5\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u53ef\u80fd\u62d6\u57ae\u6574\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff01\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ece\u6162SQL\u7684\u8bc6\u522b\u3001\u5206\u6790\u5230\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u4e3a\u4f60\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u5957\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u6162SQL\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6162SQL\uff08Slow Query\uff09\u662f\u6307\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u8d85\u8fc7\u9884\u8bbe\u9608\u503c\u7684SQL\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u53e5\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u6765\u8bf4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>\u2022\u00a0<strong>\u5728\u7ebf\u4e1a\u52a1<\/strong>\uff1a\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u8d85\u8fc7100ms\u7684\u67e5\u8be2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u2022\u00a0<strong>\u62a5\u8868\u7cfb\u7edf<\/strong>\uff1a\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u8d85\u8fc75\u79d2\u7684\u67e5\u8be2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u2022\u00a0<strong>\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790<\/strong>\uff1a\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u8d85\u8fc730\u79d2\u7684\u67e5\u8be2<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b80\u5355\u6765\u8bf4\uff1a\u6162SQL = \u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u957f + \u5f71\u54cd\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u6162SQL\u7684\u5371\u5bb3<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"491\" src=\"https:\/\/92it.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-141-1024x491.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-18478\" style=\"width:496px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/92it.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-141-1024x491.png 1024w, https:\/\/92it.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-141-300x144.png 300w, https:\/\/92it.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-141-768x368.png 768w, https:\/\/92it.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-141-830x398.png 830w, https:\/\/92it.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-141-230x110.png 230w, https:\/\/92it.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-141-350x168.png 350w, https:\/\/92it.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-141-480x230.png 480w, https:\/\/92it.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-141.png 1088w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>\u3000<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u6162SQL\u8bc6\u522b\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1. MySQL\u6162\u67e5\u8be2\u65e5\u5fd7<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f00\u542f\u6162\u67e5\u8be2\u65e5\u5fd7\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">-- \u67e5\u770b\u6162\u67e5\u8be2\u914d\u7f6e\nSHOW VARIABLES LIKE '%slow_query%';\nSHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'long_query_time';\n\n-- \u5f00\u542f\u6162\u67e5\u8be2\u65e5\u5fd7\nSET GLOBAL slow_query_log = 'ON';\nSET GLOBAL long_query_time = 0.1;  -- \u8bbe\u7f6e\u9608\u503c\u4e3a0.1\u79d2\nSET GLOBAL slow_query_log_file = '\/var\/log\/mysql\/slow.log';<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5206\u6790\u6162\u67e5\u8be2\u65e5\u5fd7\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\"># \u4f7f\u7528mysqldumpslow\u5206\u6790\nmysqldumpslow -s c -t 10 \/var\/log\/mysql\/slow.log\n\n# \u53c2\u6570\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\n# -s c: \u6309\u67e5\u8be2\u6b21\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\n# -s t: \u6309\u67e5\u8be2\u65f6\u95f4\u6392\u5e8f  \n# -s l: \u6309\u9501\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u6392\u5e8f\n# -t 10: \u663e\u793a\u524d10\u6761\n\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2. Performance Schema\u76d1\u63a7<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">-- \u5f00\u542fPerformance Schema\nUPDATE performance_schema.setup_instruments \nSET ENABLED ='YES', TIMED ='YES'\nWHERE NAME LIKE'%statement\/%';\n\n-- \u67e5\u8be2\u6700\u6162\u7684SQL\nSELECT\n    SCHEMA_NAME,\n    DIGEST_TEXT,\n    COUNT_STAR,\n    AVG_TIMER_WAIT\/1000000000AS avg_time_seconds,\n    MAX_TIMER_WAIT\/1000000000AS max_time_seconds\nFROM performance_schema.events_statements_summary_by_digest \nORDERBY AVG_TIMER_WAIT DESC\nLIMIT 10;<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3. \u5b9e\u65f6\u76d1\u63a7\u5de5\u5177<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/\/ Spring Boot\u96c6\u6210\u6162SQL\u76d1\u63a7\n@Component\n@Slf4j\npublicclassSlowSqlInterceptorimplementsInterceptor {\n\n    privatestaticfinallongSLOW_SQL_THRESHOLD=100; \/\/ 100ms\n\n    @Override\n    public Object intercept(Invocation invocation)throws Throwable {\n        longstartTime= System.currentTimeMillis();\n      \n        try {\n            return invocation.proceed();\n        } finally {\n            longendTime= System.currentTimeMillis();\n            longexecuteTime= endTime - startTime;\n          \n            if (executeTime > SLOW_SQL_THRESHOLD) {\n                \/\/ \u8bb0\u5f55\u6162SQL\n                logSlowSql(invocation, executeTime);\n              \n                \/\/ \u53d1\u9001\u544a\u8b66\n                sendSlowSqlAlert(invocation, executeTime);\n            }\n        }\n    }\n\n    privatevoidlogSlowSql(Invocation invocation, long executeTime) {\n        MappedStatementms= (MappedStatement) invocation.getArgs()[0];\n        BoundSqlboundSql= ms.getBoundSql(invocation.getArgs()[1]);\n      \n        log.warn(\"\u6162SQL\u68c0\u6d4b - \u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4: {}ms, SQL: {}\", \n                executeTime, boundSql.getSql());\n    }\n\n    privatevoidsendSlowSqlAlert(Invocation invocation, long executeTime) {\n        \/\/ \u53d1\u9001\u9489\u9489\/\u90ae\u4ef6\u544a\u8b66\n        SlowSqlAlertalert= SlowSqlAlert.builder()\n            .executeTime(executeTime)\n            .sql(getSqlFromInvocation(invocation))\n            .timestamp(newDate())\n            .build();\n      \n        alertService.sendSlowSqlAlert(alert);\n    }\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u6162SQL\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1. EXPLAIN\u6267\u884c\u8ba1\u5212\u5206\u6790<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">-- \u57fa\u672cEXPLAIN\u5206\u6790\nEXPLAIN SELECT*FROM orders o \nLEFTJOIN order_items oi ON o.id = oi.order_id \nWHERE o.create_time >='2024-01-01';\n\n-- \u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u6267\u884c\u8ba1\u5212\nEXPLAIN FORMAT=JSON \nSELECT*FROM orders o \nLEFTJOIN order_items oi ON o.id = oi.order_id \nWHERE o.create_time >='2024-01-01';<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>EXPLAIN\u7ed3\u679c\u89e3\u8bfb\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table><thead><tr><td>\u5b57\u6bb5<\/td><td>\u542b\u4e49<\/td><td>\u5173\u952e\u503c<\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>id<\/td><td>\u67e5\u8be2\u5e8f\u5217\u53f7<\/td><td>\u6570\u5b57\u8d8a\u5927\u8d8a\u5148\u6267\u884c<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>select_type<\/td><td>\u67e5\u8be2\u7c7b\u578b<\/td><td>SIMPLE\u3001UNION\u3001SUBQUERY<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>table<\/td><td>\u8868\u540d<\/td><td>\u5f53\u524d\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u8868<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>type<\/td><td>\u8bbf\u95ee\u7c7b\u578b<\/td><td>system &gt; const &gt; eq_ref &gt; ref &gt; range &gt; index &gt; ALL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>key<\/td><td>\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7d22\u5f15<\/td><td>NULL\u8868\u793a\u672a\u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>rows<\/td><td>\u626b\u63cf\u884c\u6570<\/td><td>\u8d8a\u5c11\u8d8a\u597d<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Extra<\/td><td>\u989d\u5916\u4fe1\u606f<\/td><td>Using filesort\u3001Using temporary\u9700\u8981\u5173\u6ce8<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2. \u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/\/ SQL\u6027\u80fd\u5206\u6790\u5668\n@Component\npublicclassSqlPerformanceAnalyzer {\n\n    public SqlAnalysisResult analyzeSql(String sql, Object... params) {\n        SqlAnalysisResultresult=newSqlAnalysisResult();\n      \n        try {\n            \/\/ 1. \u6267\u884cEXPLAIN\n            ExplainResultexplainResult= executeExplain(sql, params);\n            result.setExplainResult(explainResult);\n          \n            \/\/ 2. \u5206\u6790\u6267\u884c\u8ba1\u5212\n            List&lt;OptimizationSuggestion> suggestions = analyzeExplainResult(explainResult);\n            result.setSuggestions(suggestions);\n          \n            \/\/ 3. \u68c0\u67e5\u7d22\u5f15\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\n            IndexUsageAnalysisindexAnalysis= analyzeIndexUsage(explainResult);\n            result.setIndexAnalysis(indexAnalysis);\n          \n            \/\/ 4. \u8bc4\u4f30\u67e5\u8be2\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\n            ComplexityScorecomplexityScore= calculateComplexity(sql);\n            result.setComplexityScore(complexityScore);\n          \n        } catch (Exception e) {\n            log.error(\"SQL\u5206\u6790\u5931\u8d25\", e);\n        }\n      \n        return result;\n    }\n\n    private List&lt;OptimizationSuggestion> analyzeExplainResult(ExplainResult explainResult) {\n        List&lt;OptimizationSuggestion> suggestions = newArrayList&lt;>();\n      \n        for (ExplainRow row : explainResult.getRows()) {\n            \/\/ \u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u5168\u8868\u626b\u63cf\n            if (\"ALL\".equals(row.getType())) {\n                suggestions.add(OptimizationSuggestion.builder()\n                    .type(SuggestionType.ADD_INDEX)\n                    .description(\"\u8868 \" + row.getTable() + \" \u5b58\u5728\u5168\u8868\u626b\u63cf\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u6dfb\u52a0\u7d22\u5f15\")\n                    .priority(Priority.HIGH)\n                    .build());\n            }\n          \n            \/\/ \u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u4e34\u65f6\u8868\n            if (row.getExtra().contains(\"Using temporary\")) {\n                suggestions.add(OptimizationSuggestion.builder()\n                    .type(SuggestionType.OPTIMIZE_GROUP_BY)\n                    .description(\"\u67e5\u8be2\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u4e34\u65f6\u8868\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u4f18\u5316GROUP BY\u6216ORDER BY\")\n                    .priority(Priority.MEDIUM)\n                    .build());\n            }\n          \n            \/\/ \u68c0\u67e5\u626b\u63cf\u884c\u6570\n            if (row.getRows() > 10000) {\n                suggestions.add(OptimizationSuggestion.builder()\n                    .type(SuggestionType.ADD_WHERE_CONDITION)\n                    .description(\"\u626b\u63cf\u884c\u6570\u8fc7\u591a(\" + row.getRows() + \")\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u6dfb\u52a0WHERE\u6761\u4ef6\")\n                    .priority(Priority.HIGH)\n                    .build());\n            }\n        }\n      \n        return suggestions;\n    }\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u6162SQL\u4f18\u5316\u7b56\u7565<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1. \u7d22\u5f15\u4f18\u5316<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u521b\u5efa\u5408\u9002\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">-- \u5355\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\nCREATE INDEX idx_order_create_time ON orders(create_time);\n\n-- \u590d\u5408\u7d22\u5f15\uff08\u6ce8\u610f\u987a\u5e8f\uff09\nCREATE INDEX idx_order_status_time ON orders(status, create_time);\n\n-- \u8986\u76d6\u7d22\u5f15\nCREATE INDEX idx_order_cover ON orders(user_id, status, create_time, amount);\n\n-- \u51fd\u6570\u7d22\u5f15\uff08MySQL 8.0+\uff09\nCREATE INDEX idx_order_year ON orders((YEAR(create_time)));<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7d22\u5f15\u8bbe\u8ba1\u539f\u5219\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table><thead><tr><td>\u539f\u5219<\/td><td>\u8bf4\u660e<\/td><td>\u793a\u4f8b<\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u6700\u5de6\u524d\u7f00\u539f\u5219<\/strong><\/td><td>\u590d\u5408\u7d22\u5f15\u53ea\u80fd\u4ece\u6700\u5de6\u8fb9\u7684\u5217\u5f00\u59cb\u4f7f\u7528<\/td><td>\u7d22\u5f15(a,b,c)\u53ef\u5339\u914d\uff1aa, a+b, a+b+c<br>\u4e0d\u80fd\u5339\u914d\uff1ab, c, b+c<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u533a\u5206\u5ea6\u9ad8\u7684\u5217\u5728\u524d<\/strong><\/td><td>\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u9ad8\u7684\u5217\u653e\u5728\u590d\u5408\u7d22\u5f15\u524d\u9762<\/td><td>user_id(\u767e\u4e07\u4e2a\u503c) + gender(2\u4e2a\u503c)<br>\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\uff1a(user_id, gender)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u8303\u56f4\u67e5\u8be2\u5217\u653e\u6700\u540e<\/strong><\/td><td>\u8303\u56f4\u6761\u4ef6\u4f1a\u505c\u6b62\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u540e\u7eed\u5339\u914d<\/td><td>WHERE user_id=? AND status=? AND create_time&gt;?<br>\u7d22\u5f15\uff1a(user_id, status, create_time)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u8003\u8651\u8986\u76d6\u7d22\u5f15<\/strong><\/td><td>\u7d22\u5f15\u5305\u542b\u67e5\u8be2\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5217\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u56de\u8868<\/td><td>SELECT id,name FROM user WHERE age=?<br>\u7d22\u5f15\uff1a(age, id, name)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u907f\u514d\u5197\u4f59\u7d22\u5f15<\/strong><\/td><td>\u4e0d\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u529f\u80fd\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15<\/td><td>\u6709\u4e86(a,b,c)\u5c31\u4e0d\u8981\u518d\u521b\u5efa(a,b)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5177\u4f53\u5e94\u7528\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">-- \u6848\u4f8b1\uff1a\u6700\u5de6\u524d\u7f00\u539f\u5219\nCREATE INDEX idx_user_status_time ON orders(user_id, status, create_time);\n\n-- \u2705 \u4ee5\u4e0b\u67e5\u8be2\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15\nSELECT*FROM orders WHERE user_id =123;\nSELECT*FROM orders WHERE user_id =123AND status ='PAID';\nSELECT*FROM orders WHERE user_id =123AND status ='PAID'AND create_time >'2024-01-01';\n\n-- \u274c \u4ee5\u4e0b\u67e5\u8be2\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15\nSELECT*FROM orders WHERE status ='PAID';\nSELECT*FROM orders WHERE create_time >'2024-01-01';\nSELECT*FROM orders WHERE status ='PAID'AND create_time >'2024-01-01';\n\n-- \u6848\u4f8b2\uff1a\u533a\u5206\u5ea6\u539f\u5219\n-- \u5047\u8bbe\u7528\u6237\u8868\u6709100\u4e07\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6027\u522b\u53ea\u67092\u4e2a\u503c\uff0c\u57ce\u5e02\u67091000\u4e2a\u503c\n-- \u274c \u9519\u8bef\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u987a\u5e8f\nCREATE INDEX idx_wrong ON users(gender, city, user_id);\n\n-- \u2705 \u6b63\u786e\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u987a\u5e8f\nCREATE INDEX idx_correct ON users(user_id, city, gender);\n\n-- \u6848\u4f8b3\uff1a\u8986\u76d6\u7d22\u5f15\n-- \u67e5\u8be2\uff1aSELECT user_id, amount, create_time FROM orders WHERE status = 'PAID';\n-- \u2705 \u8986\u76d6\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u56de\u8868\nCREATE INDEX idx_status_cover ON orders(status, user_id, amount, create_time);\n\n-- \u6848\u4f8b4\uff1a\u8303\u56f4\u67e5\u8be2\u4f18\u5316\n-- \u67e5\u8be2\uff1aWHERE user_id = ? AND status = ? AND create_time BETWEEN ? AND ?\n-- \u2705 \u6b63\u786e\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u8bbe\u8ba1\nCREATE INDEX idx_user_status_time ON orders(user_id, status, create_time);\n-- \u7b49\u503c\u6761\u4ef6\u5728\u524d\uff0c\u8303\u56f4\u6761\u4ef6\u5728\u540e<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2. SQL\u8bed\u53e5\u4f18\u5316<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5e38\u89c1\u4f18\u5316\u6280\u5de7\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">-- 1. \u907f\u514dSELECT *\n-- \u274c \u4e0d\u63a8\u8350\nSELECT*FROM orders WHERE user_id =12345;\n\n-- \u2705 \u63a8\u8350\nSELECT id, user_id, amount, status, create_time \nFROM orders WHERE user_id =12345;\n\n-- 2. \u4f7f\u7528LIMIT\u9650\u5236\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\n-- \u274c \u4e0d\u63a8\u8350\nSELECT*FROM orders WHERE status ='PENDING';\n\n-- \u2705 \u63a8\u8350\nSELECT id, amount FROM orders WHERE status ='PENDING' LIMIT 100;\n\n-- 3. \u4f18\u5316\u5206\u9875\u67e5\u8be2\n-- \u274c \u6df1\u5206\u9875\u6548\u7387\u4f4e\nSELECT*FROM orders ORDERBY id LIMIT 100000, 20;\n\n-- \u2705 \u4f7f\u7528\u6e38\u6807\u5206\u9875\nSELECT*FROM orders WHERE id >100000ORDERBY id LIMIT 20;\n\n-- 4. \u907f\u514d\u5728WHERE\u5b50\u53e5\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u51fd\u6570\n-- \u274c \u4e0d\u63a8\u8350\nSELECT*FROM orders WHEREYEAR(create_time) =2024;\n\n-- \u2705 \u63a8\u8350\nSELECT*FROM orders \nWHERE create_time >='2024-01-01'AND create_time &lt;'2025-01-01';\n\n-- 5. \u4f7f\u7528EXISTS\u66ff\u4ee3IN\uff08\u5927\u6570\u636e\u96c6\uff09\n-- \u274c \u5b50\u67e5\u8be2\u8fd4\u56de\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u6548\u7387\u4f4e\nSELECT*FROM users u \nWHERE u.id IN (SELECT user_id FROM orders WHERE amount >1000);\n\n-- \u2705 \u63a8\u8350\nSELECT*FROM users u \nWHEREEXISTS (SELECT1FROM orders o WHERE o.user_id = u.id AND o.amount >1000);<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3. JOIN\u4f18\u5316<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">-- JOIN\u4f18\u5316\u7b56\u7565\n\n-- 1. \u5c0f\u8868\u9a71\u52a8\u5927\u8868\n-- \u274c \u5927\u8868\u5728\u524d\nSELECT*FROM big_table b JOIN small_table s ON b.id = s.big_id;\n\n-- \u2705 \u5c0f\u8868\u5728\u524d\uff08MySQL\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u4f46\u660e\u786e\u66f4\u597d\uff09\nSELECT*FROM small_table s JOIN big_table b ON s.big_id = b.id;\n\n-- 2. \u786e\u4fddJOIN\u6761\u4ef6\u6709\u7d22\u5f15\n-- \u786e\u4fddboth tables\u7684JOIN\u5b57\u6bb5\u90fd\u6709\u7d22\u5f15\nCREATE INDEX idx_orders_user_id ON orders(user_id);\nCREATE INDEX idx_users_id ON users(id);  -- \u4e3b\u952e\u81ea\u52a8\u6709\u7d22\u5f15\n\n-- 3. \u907f\u514d\u7b1b\u5361\u5c14\u79ef\n-- \u274c \u7f3a\u5c11JOIN\u6761\u4ef6\nSELECT*FROM orders o, order_items oi WHERE o.status ='PENDING';\n\n-- \u2705 \u6b63\u786e\u7684JOIN\nSELECT*FROM orders o \nJOIN order_items oi ON o.id = oi.order_id \nWHERE o.status ='PENDING';\n\n-- 4. \u4f7f\u7528\u9002\u5f53\u7684JOIN\u7c7b\u578b\n-- INNER JOIN vs LEFT JOIN vs RIGHT JOIN\n-- \u53ea\u83b7\u53d6\u9700\u8981\u7684\u6570\u636e<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u5b9e\u6218\u4f18\u5316\u6848\u4f8b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u6848\u4f8b1\uff1a\u6162\u67e5\u8be2\u4f18\u5316<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u95ee\u9898SQL\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">-- \u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2.5\u79d2\nSELECT u.name, u.email, COUNT(o.id) as order_count, SUM(o.amount) as total_amount\nFROM users u\nLEFT JOIN orders o ON u.id = o.user_id\nWHERE u.register_time >= '2024-01-01'\n  AND o.create_time >= '2023-01-01'\nGROUP BY u.id, u.name, u.email\nORDER BY total_amount DESC\nLIMIT 100;<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5206\u6790\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">-- 1. \u67e5\u770b\u6267\u884c\u8ba1\u5212\nEXPLAIN SELECT u.name, u.email, COUNT(o.id) as order_count, SUM(o.amount) as total_amount\nFROM users u\nLEFTJOIN orders o ON u.id = o.user_id\nWHERE u.register_time >='2024-01-01'\nAND o.create_time >='2023-01-01'\nGROUPBY u.id, u.name, u.email\nORDERBY total_amount DESC\nLIMIT 100;\n\n-- \u6267\u884c\u8ba1\u5212\u663e\u793a\uff1a\n-- 1. users\u8868\u5168\u8868\u626b\u63cf (type: ALL)\n-- 2. orders\u8868\u5168\u8868\u626b\u63cf (type: ALL)  \n-- 3. \u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u4e34\u65f6\u8868\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u6392\u5e8f (Extra: Using temporary; Using filesort)<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f18\u5316\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">-- 1. \u6dfb\u52a0\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\nCREATE INDEX idx_users_register_time ON users(register_time);\nCREATE INDEX idx_orders_user_create ON orders(user_id, create_time);\n\n-- 2. \u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684SQL\nSELECT u.name, u.email, \n       COUNT(o.id) as order_count, \n       SUM(o.amount) as total_amount\nFROM users u\nLEFTJOIN orders o ON u.id = o.user_id \nAND o.create_time >='2023-01-01'-- \u5c06\u6761\u4ef6\u79fb\u5230JOIN\u4e2d\nWHERE u.register_time >='2024-01-01'\nGROUPBY u.id, u.name, u.email\nORDERBY total_amount DESC\nLIMIT 100;\n\n-- 3. \u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4f18\u5316 - \u4f7f\u7528\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2\u9884\u5148\u8fc7\u6ee4\nSELECT u.name, u.email, \n       COALESCE(order_stats.order_count, 0) as order_count,\n       COALESCE(order_stats.total_amount, 0) as total_amount\nFROM users u\nLEFTJOIN (\n    SELECT user_id, \n           COUNT(*) as order_count, \n           SUM(amount) as total_amount\n    FROM orders \n    WHERE create_time >='2023-01-01'\n    GROUPBY user_id\n) order_stats ON u.id = order_stats.user_id\nWHERE u.register_time >='2024-01-01'\nORDERBY total_amount DESC\nLIMIT 100;<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f18\u5316\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>\u2022 \u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2.5\u79d2 \u2192 0.08\u79d2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u2022 \u6027\u80fd\u63d0\u5347\uff1a31\u500d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u6848\u4f8b2\uff1a\u5206\u9875\u67e5\u8be2\u4f18\u5316<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/\/ \u6df1\u5206\u9875\u4f18\u5316\n@Service\npublicclassOrderQueryService {\n\n    \/**\n     * \u4f20\u7edf\u5206\u9875 - \u6027\u80fd\u5dee\n     *\/\n    public PageResult&lt;Order> getOrdersByTraditionalPaging(int page, int size) {\n        intoffset= (page - 1) * size;\n      \n        \/\/ \u6df1\u5206\u9875\u65f6\uff0cMySQL\u9700\u8981\u626b\u63cf\u5f88\u591a\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7684\u6570\u636e\n        Stringsql=\"SELECT * FROM orders ORDER BY id LIMIT ?, ?\";\n      \n        return queryWithPaging(sql, offset, size);\n    }\n\n    \/**\n     * \u6e38\u6807\u5206\u9875 - \u6027\u80fd\u597d\n     *\/\n    public PageResult&lt;Order> getOrdersByCursorPaging(Long lastId, int size) {\n        Stringsql=\"SELECT * FROM orders WHERE id > ? ORDER BY id LIMIT ?\";\n      \n        List&lt;Order> orders = jdbcTemplate.query(sql, \n            newObject[]{lastId, size}, \n            newOrderRowMapper());\n      \n        LongnextCursor= orders.isEmpty() ? null : \n            orders.get(orders.size() - 1).getId();\n      \n        return PageResult.&lt;Order>builder()\n            .data(orders)\n            .nextCursor(nextCursor)\n            .hasNext(orders.size() == size)\n            .build();\n    }\n\n    \/**\n     * \u5ef6\u8fdf\u5173\u8054\u4f18\u5316\u6df1\u5206\u9875\n     *\/\n    public PageResult&lt;Order> getOrdersByDeferredJoin(int page, int size) {\n        intoffset= (page - 1) * size;\n      \n        \/\/ \u5148\u67e5\u8be2ID\uff0c\u518d\u5173\u8054\u67e5\u8be2\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\n        Stringsql=\"\"\"\n            SELECT o.* FROM orders o\n            INNER JOIN (\n                SELECT id FROM orders ORDER BY id LIMIT ?, ?\n            ) temp ON o.id = temp.id\n            \"\"\";\n      \n        return queryWithPaging(sql, offset, size);\n    }\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u6848\u4f8b3\uff1a\u590d\u6742\u7edf\u8ba1\u67e5\u8be2\u4f18\u5316<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">-- \u539f\u59cb\u6162\u67e5\u8be2\uff1a\u7edf\u8ba1\u6bcf\u6708\u9500\u552e\u6570\u636e\n-- \u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a8.2\u79d2\nSELECT\n    DATE_FORMAT(create_time, '%Y-%m') asmonth,\n    COUNT(*) as order_count,\n    SUM(amount) as total_amount,\n    AVG(amount) as avg_amount,\n    COUNT(DISTINCT user_id) as unique_users\nFROM orders \nWHERE create_time >='2023-01-01'AND create_time &lt;'2024-01-01'\nAND status ='COMPLETED'\nGROUPBY DATE_FORMAT(create_time, '%Y-%m')\nORDERBYmonth;\n\n-- \u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u68481\uff1a\u6dfb\u52a0\u5408\u9002\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\nCREATE INDEX idx_orders_status_time ON orders(status, create_time);\n\n-- \u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u68482\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u6c47\u603b\u8868\uff08\u63a8\u8350\uff09\n-- \u521b\u5efa\u6708\u5ea6\u6c47\u603b\u8868\nCREATE TABLE order_monthly_stats (\n    monthDATE,\n    order_count INT,\n    total_amount DECIMAL(15,2),\n    avg_amount DECIMAL(10,2),\n    unique_users INT,\n    PRIMARY KEY (month)\n);\n\n-- \u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u66f4\u65b0\u6c47\u603b\u8868\nINSERT INTO order_monthly_stats\nSELECT\n    DATE_FORMAT(create_time, '%Y-%m-01') asmonth,\n    COUNT(*) as order_count,\n    SUM(amount) as total_amount,\n    AVG(amount) as avg_amount,\n    COUNT(DISTINCT user_id) as unique_users\nFROM orders \nWHERE create_time >='2024-01-01'AND create_time &lt;'2024-02-01'\nAND status ='COMPLETED'\nGROUPBY DATE_FORMAT(create_time, '%Y-%m-01')\nON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE\n    order_count =VALUES(order_count),\n    total_amount =VALUES(total_amount),\n    avg_amount =VALUES(avg_amount),\n    unique_users =VALUES(unique_users);\n\n-- \u67e5\u8be2\u6c47\u603b\u8868\uff08\u6beb\u79d2\u7ea7\u54cd\u5e94\uff09\nSELECT*FROM order_monthly_stats \nWHEREmonth>='2023-01-01'ANDmonth&lt;'2024-01-01'\nORDERBYmonth;<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\ud83d\udcc8 \u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u9884\u9632<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1. \u6162SQL\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/\/ \u6162SQL\u76d1\u63a7\u914d\u7f6e\n@Configuration\n@EnableConfigurationProperties(SlowSqlProperties.class)\npublicclassSlowSqlMonitorConfig {\n\n    @Bean\n    public SlowSqlMonitor slowSqlMonitor(SlowSqlProperties properties) {\n        return SlowSqlMonitor.builder()\n            .threshold(properties.getThreshold())\n            .alertEnabled(properties.isAlertEnabled())\n            .alertWebhook(properties.getAlertWebhook())\n            .build();\n    }\n\n    @Bean\n    public SqlMetricsCollector sqlMetricsCollector() {\n        returnnewSqlMetricsCollector();\n    }\n}\n\n@Component\n@Slf4j\npublicclassSqlMetricsCollector {\n\n    privatefinal MeterRegistry meterRegistry;\n    privatefinal Counter slowSqlCounter;\n    privatefinal Timer sqlExecutionTimer;\n\n    publicSqlMetricsCollector(MeterRegistry meterRegistry) {\n        this.meterRegistry = meterRegistry;\n        this.slowSqlCounter = Counter.builder(\"slow_sql_total\")\n            .description(\"Total number of slow SQL queries\")\n            .register(meterRegistry);\n        this.sqlExecutionTimer = Timer.builder(\"sql_execution_time\")\n            .description(\"SQL execution time\")\n            .register(meterRegistry);\n    }\n\n    publicvoidrecordSlowSql(String sql, long executionTime) {\n        slowSqlCounter.increment(\n            Tags.of(\n                \"sql_hash\", DigestUtils.md5Hex(sql),\n                \"execution_time_range\", getTimeRange(executionTime)\n            )\n        );\n      \n        sqlExecutionTimer.record(executionTime, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);\n      \n        log.warn(\"\u6162SQL\u544a\u8b66 - \u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4: {}ms, SQL: {}\", executionTime, sql);\n    }\n\n    private String getTimeRange(long executionTime) {\n        if (executionTime &lt; 1000) return\"0-1s\";\n        if (executionTime &lt; 5000) return\"1-5s\";\n        if (executionTime &lt; 10000) return\"5-10s\";\n        return\"10s+\";\n    }\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2. \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u76d1\u63a7<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/\/ HikariCP\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u76d1\u63a7\n@Component\npublicclassConnectionPoolMonitor {\n\n    @Autowired\n    private HikariDataSource dataSource;\n\n    @Scheduled(fixedRate = 30000)\/\/ \u6bcf30\u79d2\u68c0\u67e5\u4e00\u6b21\n    publicvoidmonitorConnectionPool() {\n        HikariPoolMXBeanpoolMXBean= dataSource.getHikariPoolMXBean();\n      \n        intactiveConnections= poolMXBean.getActiveConnections();\n        intidleConnections= poolMXBean.getIdleConnections();\n        inttotalConnections= poolMXBean.getTotalConnections();\n        intthreadsAwaitingConnection= poolMXBean.getThreadsAwaitingConnection();\n      \n        \/\/ \u8bb0\u5f55\u6307\u6807\n        Metrics.gauge(\"hikari.active_connections\", activeConnections);\n        Metrics.gauge(\"hikari.idle_connections\", idleConnections);\n        Metrics.gauge(\"hikari.total_connections\", totalConnections);\n        Metrics.gauge(\"hikari.threads_awaiting_connection\", threadsAwaitingConnection);\n      \n        \/\/ \u544a\u8b66\u68c0\u67e5\n        if (activeConnections > totalConnections * 0.8) {\n            log.warn(\"\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u8fc7\u9ad8: {}\/{}\", activeConnections, totalConnections);\n        }\n      \n        if (threadsAwaitingConnection > 0) {\n            log.error(\"\u6709{}\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7b49\u5f85\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\", threadsAwaitingConnection);\n        }\n    }\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3. \u81ea\u52a8\u5316SQL\u5ba1\u6838<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/\/ SQL\u5ba1\u6838\u89c4\u5219\u5f15\u64ce\n@Component\npublicclassSqlAuditEngine {\n\n    privatefinal List&lt;SqlAuditRule> auditRules;\n\n    publicSqlAuditEngine() {\n        this.auditRules = Arrays.asList(\n            newSelectStarRule(),\n            newMissingWhereRule(),\n            newLargeOffsetRule(),\n            newFunctionInWhereRule(),\n            newTooManyJoinRule()\n        );\n    }\n\n    public SqlAuditResult audit(String sql) {\n        SqlAuditResultresult=newSqlAuditResult();\n      \n        for (SqlAuditRule rule : auditRules) {\n            RuleViolationviolation= rule.check(sql);\n            if (violation != null) {\n                result.addViolation(violation);\n            }\n        }\n      \n        return result;\n    }\n}\n\n\/\/ \u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5ba1\u6838\u89c4\u5219\npublicclassSelectStarRuleimplementsSqlAuditRule {\n\n    @Override\n    public RuleViolation check(String sql) {\n        if (sql.toUpperCase().contains(\"SELECT *\")) {\n            return RuleViolation.builder()\n                .ruleId(\"SELECT_STAR\")\n                .severity(Severity.MEDIUM)\n                .message(\"\u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528SELECT *\uff0c\u660e\u786e\u6307\u5b9a\u9700\u8981\u7684\u5217\")\n                .suggestion(\"\u5c06SELECT *\u6539\u4e3a\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5217\u540d\")\n                .build();\n        }\n        returnnull;\n    }\n}\n\npublicclassMissingWhereRuleimplementsSqlAuditRule {\n\n    @Override\n    public RuleViolation check(String sql) {\n        StringupperSql= sql.toUpperCase();\n        if ((upperSql.contains(\"UPDATE\") || upperSql.contains(\"DELETE\")) \n            &amp;&amp; !upperSql.contains(\"WHERE\")) {\n            return RuleViolation.builder()\n                .ruleId(\"MISSING_WHERE\")\n                .severity(Severity.HIGH)\n                .message(\"UPDATE\/DELETE\u8bed\u53e5\u7f3a\u5c11WHERE\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u5168\u8868\u64cd\u4f5c\")\n                .suggestion(\"\u6dfb\u52a0WHERE\u6761\u4ef6\u9650\u5236\u64cd\u4f5c\u8303\u56f4\")\n                .build();\n        }\n        returnnull;\n    }\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\ud83d\udca1 \u4f18\u5316\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1. \u7d22\u5f15\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">-- \u7d22\u5f15\u8bbe\u8ba1\u68c0\u67e5\u6e05\u5355\n\n-- \u2705 \u826f\u597d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u8bbe\u8ba1\nCREATE TABLE orders (\n    id BIGINTPRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,\n    user_id BIGINTNOT NULL,\n    status VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,\n    amount DECIMAL(10,2) NOT NULL,\n    create_time DATETIME NOT NULL,\n    update_time DATETIME NOT NULL,\n\n    -- \u57fa\u7840\u7d22\u5f15\n    INDEX idx_user_id (user_id),\n    INDEX idx_status (status),\n    INDEX idx_create_time (create_time),\n\n    -- \u590d\u5408\u7d22\u5f15\uff08\u5e38\u7528\u67e5\u8be2\u7ec4\u5408\uff09\n    INDEX idx_user_status (user_id, status),\n    INDEX idx_status_time (status, create_time),\n\n    -- \u8986\u76d6\u7d22\u5f15\uff08\u907f\u514d\u56de\u8868\uff09\n    INDEX idx_user_cover (user_id, status, amount, create_time)\n);\n\n-- \u7d22\u5f15\u547d\u540d\u89c4\u8303\n-- idx_{table}_{columns} \u6216 idx_{purpose}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2. \u67e5\u8be2\u7f16\u5199\u89c4\u8303<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/\/ SQL\u7f16\u5199\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\n@Repository\npublicclassOrderRepository {\n\n    \/**\n     * \u2705 \u597d\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u793a\u4f8b\n     *\/\n    public List&lt;Order> findUserOrdersGood(Long userId, String status, \n                                         LocalDateTime startTime, int limit) {\n        Stringsql=\"\"\"\n            SELECT id, user_id, status, amount, create_time\n            FROM orders \n            WHERE user_id = ? \n              AND status = ? \n              AND create_time >= ?\n            ORDER BY create_time DESC \n            LIMIT ?\n            \"\"\";\n      \n        return jdbcTemplate.query(sql, \n            newObject[]{userId, status, startTime, limit},\n            newOrderRowMapper());\n    }\n\n    \/**\n     * \u274c \u4e0d\u597d\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u793a\u4f8b\n     *\/\n    public List&lt;Order> findUserOrdersBad(Long userId, String status, \n                                        LocalDateTime startTime) {\n        \/\/ \u95ee\u98981\uff1aSELECT *\n        \/\/ \u95ee\u98982\uff1a\u6ca1\u6709LIMIT\n        \/\/ \u95ee\u98983\uff1a\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd4\u56de\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\n        Stringsql=\"\"\"\n            SELECT * FROM orders \n            WHERE user_id = ? \n              AND status = ? \n              AND YEAR(create_time) = YEAR(?)\n            ORDER BY create_time DESC\n            \"\"\";\n      \n        return jdbcTemplate.query(sql, \n            newObject[]{userId, status, startTime},\n            newOrderRowMapper());\n    }\n\n    \/**\n     * \u5206\u9875\u67e5\u8be2\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\n     *\/\n    public PageResult&lt;Order> findOrdersWithPaging(OrderQuery query) {\n        \/\/ \u4f7f\u7528\u6e38\u6807\u5206\u9875\u907f\u514d\u6df1\u5206\u9875\u95ee\u9898\n        if (query.getLastId() != null) {\n            return findOrdersByCursor(query);\n        } else {\n            return findOrdersByOffset(query);\n        }\n    }\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3. \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8bbe\u8ba1\u89c4\u8303<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">-- \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\n\n-- 1. \u8868\u7ed3\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1\nCREATE TABLE user_orders (\n    id BIGINTPRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,\n    user_id BIGINTNOT NULL COMMENT '\u7528\u6237ID',\n    order_no VARCHAR(32) NOT NULL COMMENT '\u8ba2\u5355\u53f7',\n    status TINYINT NOT NULLDEFAULT0 COMMENT '\u72b6\u6001:0\u5f85\u4ed8\u6b3e,1\u5df2\u4ed8\u6b3e,2\u5df2\u53d1\u8d27,3\u5df2\u5b8c\u6210',\n    amount DECIMAL(10,2) NOT NULL COMMENT '\u8ba2\u5355\u91d1\u989d',\n    create_time DATETIME NOT NULLDEFAULTCURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u95f4',\n    update_time DATETIME NOT NULLDEFAULTCURRENT_TIMESTAMPONUPDATECURRENT_TIMESTAMP,\n\n    -- \u7d22\u5f15\u8bbe\u8ba1\n    UNIQUE KEY uk_order_no (order_no),\n    KEY idx_user_id (user_id),\n    KEY idx_status (status),\n    KEY idx_create_time (create_time),\n    KEY idx_user_status_time (user_id, status, create_time)\n) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COMMENT='\u7528\u6237\u8ba2\u5355\u8868';\n\n-- 2. \u5206\u533a\u8868\uff08\u5927\u6570\u636e\u91cf\uff09\nCREATE TABLE orders_partitioned (\n    id BIGINTPRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,\n    user_id BIGINTNOT NULL,\n    amount DECIMAL(10,2) NOT NULL,\n    create_time DATETIME NOT NULL,\n\n    KEY idx_user_id (user_id),\n    KEY idx_create_time (create_time)\n) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4\nPARTITIONBYRANGE (TO_DAYS(create_time)) (\n    PARTITION p202401 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2024-02-01')),\n    PARTITION p202402 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2024-03-01')),\n    PARTITION p202403 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2024-04-01')),\n    PARTITION p_future VALUES LESS THAN MAXVALUE\n);<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\ud83d\udd27 \u5de5\u5177\u548c\u6280\u5de7<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1. \u6027\u80fd\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\"># 1. sysbench - \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u538b\u529b\u6d4b\u8bd5\nsysbench oltp_read_write \\\n  --mysql-host=localhost \\\n  --mysql-user=root \\\n  --mysql-password=password \\\n  --mysql-db=testdb \\\n  --tables=10 \\\n  --table-size=100000 \\\n  --threads=16 \\\n  --time=60 \\\n  run\n\n# 2. pt-query-digest - \u6162\u67e5\u8be2\u5206\u6790\npt-query-digest \/var\/log\/mysql\/slow.log\n\n# 3. mytop - \u5b9e\u65f6\u76d1\u63a7\nmytop -u root -p password -d testdb<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u30002. SQL\u4f18\u5316\u8f85\u52a9\u811a\u672c<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">-- \u67e5\u627e\u672a\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\nSELECT\n    OBJECT_SCHEMA,\n    OBJECT_NAME,\n    INDEX_NAME,\n    COUNT_FETCH,\n    COUNT_INSERT,\n    COUNT_UPDATE,\n    COUNT_DELETE\nFROM performance_schema.table_io_waits_summary_by_index_usage \nWHERE INDEX_NAME ISNOT NULL\nAND COUNT_STAR =0\nAND OBJECT_SCHEMA ='your_database'\nORDERBY OBJECT_SCHEMA, OBJECT_NAME;\n\n-- \u67e5\u627e\u91cd\u590d\u7d22\u5f15\nSELECT\n    a.TABLE_SCHEMA,\n    a.TABLE_NAME,\n    a.INDEX_NAME as index1,\n    b.INDEX_NAME as index2,\n    a.COLUMN_NAME\nFROM information_schema.STATISTICS a\nJOIN information_schema.STATISTICS b \nON a.TABLE_SCHEMA = b.TABLE_SCHEMA\nAND a.TABLE_NAME = b.TABLE_NAME  \nAND a.COLUMN_NAME = b.COLUMN_NAME\nAND a.INDEX_NAME != b.INDEX_NAME\nWHERE a.TABLE_SCHEMA ='your_database'\nORDERBY a.TABLE_NAME, a.COLUMN_NAME;\n\n-- \u67e5\u770b\u8868\u5927\u5c0f\u548c\u884c\u6570\nSELECT\n    TABLE_NAME,\n    TABLE_ROWS,\n    ROUND(DATA_LENGTH\/1024\/1024, 2) AS'Data Size (MB)',\n    ROUND(INDEX_LENGTH\/1024\/1024, 2) AS'Index Size (MB)',\n    ROUND((DATA_LENGTH + INDEX_LENGTH)\/1024\/1024, 2) AS'Total Size (MB)'\nFROM information_schema.TABLES \nWHERE TABLE_SCHEMA ='your_database'\nORDERBY (DATA_LENGTH + INDEX_LENGTH) DESC;<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\ud83c\udfaf \u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u89e3\u7b54<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Q1\uff1a\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u9700\u8981\u6dfb\u52a0\u7d22\u5f15\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8981\u6dfb\u52a0\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>\u2022 WHERE\u5b50\u53e5\u4e2d\u7ecf\u5e38\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u5217<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u2022 JOIN\u6761\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u5217<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u2022 ORDER BY\u4e2d\u7684\u5217<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u2022 GROUP BY\u4e2d\u7684\u5217<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u2022 \u5916\u952e\u5217<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6dfb\u52a0\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>\u2022 \u6570\u636e\u91cf\u5f88\u5c0f\u7684\u8868\uff08\u51e0\u5343\u884c\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u2022 \u9891\u7e41\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u5217<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u2022 \u533a\u5206\u5ea6\u5f88\u4f4e\u7684\u5217\uff08\u5982\u6027\u522b\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Q2\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">-- \u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u9009\u62e9\u5efa\u8bae\n\n-- \u2705 \u63a8\u8350\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\nCREATE TABLE user_profile (\n    id BIGINTPRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,\n    username VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,           -- \u4e0d\u8981\u8fc7\u957f\n    age TINYINT UNSIGNED,                    -- \u5e74\u9f84\u7528TINYINT\u591f\u4e86\n    balance DECIMAL(10,2),                   -- \u91d1\u989d\u7528DECIMAL\u7cbe\u786e\u8ba1\u7b97\n    is_active BOOLEANDEFAULTTRUE,          -- \u5e03\u5c14\u503c\u7528BOOLEAN\n    create_time DATETIME NOT NULL,           -- \u65f6\u95f4\u7528DATETIME\n\n    -- \u274c \u4e0d\u63a8\u8350\n    -- username VARCHAR(255),               -- \u8fc7\u957f\u7684VARCHAR\n    -- age INT,                             -- \u5e74\u9f84\u4e0d\u9700\u8981INT\n    -- balance DOUBLE,                      -- \u91d1\u989d\u4e0d\u8981\u7528\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\n    -- is_active CHAR(1),                   -- \u5e03\u5c14\u503c\u4e0d\u8981\u7528CHAR\n    -- create_time TIMESTAMP                -- \u6709\u65f6\u533a\u95ee\u9898\n);<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Q3\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u5927\u8868\u67e5\u8be2\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/\/ \u5927\u8868\u67e5\u8be2\u7b56\u7565\n@Service\npublicclassBigTableQueryService {\n\n    \/**\n     * \u7b56\u75651\uff1a\u5206\u9875 + \u7d22\u5f15\n     *\/\n    public List&lt;Order> queryWithPaging(Long lastId, int size) {\n        Stringsql=\"\"\"\n            SELECT * FROM big_orders \n            WHERE id > ? \n            ORDER BY id LIMIT ?\n            \"\"\";\n        return jdbcTemplate.query(sql, newObject[]{lastId, size}, rowMapper);\n    }\n\n    \/**\n     * \u7b56\u75652\uff1a\u5f02\u6b65\u5904\u7406\n     *\/\n    @Async\n    public CompletableFuture&lt;List&lt;Order>> queryAsync(OrderQuery query) {\n        return CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {\n            \/\/ \u6267\u884c\u67e5\u8be2\n            return executeQuery(query);\n        });\n    }\n\n    \/**\n     * \u7b56\u75653\uff1a\u8bfb\u5199\u5206\u79bb\n     *\/\n    @ReadOnlyDataSource\n    public List&lt;Order> queryFromSlave(OrderQuery query) {\n        \/\/ \u4ece\u53ea\u8bfb\u5e93\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u51cf\u8f7b\u4e3b\u5e93\u538b\u529b\n        return orderMapper.selectByQuery(query);\n    }\n\n    \/**\n     * \u7b56\u75654\uff1a\u7f13\u5b58\u70ed\u70b9\u6570\u636e\n     *\/\n    @Cacheable(value = \"orders\", key = \"#userId + '_' + #status\")\n    public List&lt;Order> getUserOrdersWithCache(Long userId, String status) {\n        return orderMapper.selectByUserAndStatus(userId, status);\n    }\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u603b\u7ed3<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6162SQL\u4f18\u5316\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u5de5\u7a0b\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u591a\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u6838\u5fc3\u8981\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>\u2022\u00a0<strong>\u53ca\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0<\/strong>\uff1a\u5efa\u7acb\u5b8c\u5584\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4\u53d1\u73b0\u6162SQL<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u2022\u00a0<strong>\u51c6\u786e\u5206\u6790<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528EXPLAIN\u7b49\u5de5\u5177\u6df1\u5165\u5206\u6790\u67e5\u8be2\u6267\u884c\u8ba1\u5212<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u2022\u00a0<strong>\u9488\u5bf9\u4f18\u5316<\/strong>\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u5206\u6790\u7ed3\u679c\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u7b56\u7565<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u2022\u00a0<strong>\u6301\u7eed\u76d1\u63a7<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u6301\u7eed\u76d1\u63a7\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u6027\u80fd\u56de\u9000<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u4f18\u5316\u7b56\u7565\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol>\n<li>1.\u00a0<strong>\u7d22\u5f15\u4f18\u5316<\/strong>\uff1a\u6700\u76f4\u63a5\u3001\u6700\u6709\u6548\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u624b\u6bb5<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2.\u00a0<strong>SQL\u91cd\u5199<\/strong>\uff1a\u6539\u5199\u67e5\u8be2\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u6027\u80fd\u9677\u9631<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>3.\u00a0<strong>\u67b6\u6784\u4f18\u5316<\/strong>\uff1a\u8bfb\u5199\u5206\u79bb\u3001\u5206\u5e93\u5206\u8868\u3001\u7f13\u5b58\u7b49<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>4.\u00a0<strong>\u786c\u4ef6\u5347\u7ea7<\/strong>\uff1a\u6700\u540e\u7684\u9009\u62e9<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u8bb0\u4f4f\u4f18\u5316\u539f\u5219\uff1a\u6d4b\u91cf \u2192 \u5206\u6790 \u2192 \u4f18\u5316 \u2192 \u9a8c\u8bc1<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u638c\u63e1\u4e86\u8fd9\u5957\u6162SQL\u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u80fd\u591f\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u5730\u89e3\u51b3\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8ba9\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u884c\u5982\u98de\uff01\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u5f80\u5f80\u80fd\u5e26\u6765\u6570\u500d\u751a\u81f3\u6570\u5341\u500d\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u63d0\u5347\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u8f6c\u8f7d\uff1a\u6162SQL\u4f18\u5316\uff1a\u4ece\u53d1\u73b0\u5230\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u5b9e\u6218\u6307\u5357 \u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u6162SQL\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u9690\u5f62\u6740\u624b\uff0c\u4e00\u6761\u7cdf\u7cd5\u7684\u67e5\u8be2 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/92it.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18477"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/92it.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/92it.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/92it.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/92it.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=18477"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/92it.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18477\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18479,"href":"https:\/\/92it.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18477\/revisions\/18479"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/92it.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=18477"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/92it.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=18477"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/92it.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=18477"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}