{"id":16999,"date":"2025-03-26T21:11:23","date_gmt":"2025-03-26T13:11:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/92it.top\/?p=16999"},"modified":"2025-03-26T21:11:23","modified_gmt":"2025-03-26T13:11:23","slug":"spring-%e8%87%aa%e5%8a%a8%e8%a3%85%e9%85%8d%e7%9a%84%e6%96%b9%e5%bc%8f%e6%9c%89%e5%93%aa%e4%ba%9b%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/92it.top\/?p=16999","title":{"rendered":"Spring \u81ea\u52a8\u88c5\u914d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u8f6c\u8f7d\uff1aSpring \u81ea\u52a8\u88c5\u914d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\uff1f<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u81ea\u52a8\u88c5\u914d\u662f Spring\u7684\u4e00\u5927\u6838\u5fc3\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0cSpring\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u88c5\u914d\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1f\u5b83\u4eec\u53c8\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u88c5\u914d\u7684\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u81ea\u52a8\u88c5\u914d\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u4f20\u7edf\u7684 Java \u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e38\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u624b\u52a8\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u4ec5\u9ebb\u70e6\uff0c\u8fd8\u5bb9\u6613\u51fa\u9519\u3002Spring \u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u88c5\u914d\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u52a8\u8bc6\u522b\u548c\u6ce8\u5165\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0c\u7b80\u5316\u5f00\u53d1\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7b80\u5355\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u88c5\u914d<\/strong>\u5c31\u662f\u8ba9 Spring \u81ea\u52a8\u5b8c\u6210\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u6ce8\u5165\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u624b\u52a8\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. \u81ea\u52a8\u88c5\u914d\u7684\u51e0\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

Spring \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u81ea\u52a8\u88c5\u914d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u6bcf\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u9002\u7528\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9010\u4e00\u4ecb\u7ecd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.1 \u6309\u7c7b\u578b\u88c5\u914d\uff08By Type\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6309\u7c7b\u578b\u88c5\u914d<\/strong>\u901a\u8fc7\u5339\u914d\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u4e3a\u5c5e\u6027\u6ce8\u5165\u5408\u9002\u7684 Bean\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7279\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • \u7b80\u5355\u6613\u7528<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u4f9d\u8d56\u7c7b\u578b\u5fc5\u987b\u552f\u4e00\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u51b2\u7a81<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a UserService<\/code> \u63a5\u53e3\u53ca\u5176\u5b9e\u73b0 UserServiceImpl<\/code>\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u4e2a UserController<\/code> \u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u5165 UserService<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \/\/ UserService.java\npublicinterface UserService {\n    void registerUser();\n}\n\n\/\/ UserServiceImpl.java\n@Service\npublicclass UserServiceImpl implements UserService {\n    @Override\n    public void registerUser() {\n        System.out.println(\"\u7528\u6237\u6ce8\u518c\u6210\u529f\uff01\");\n    }\n}\n\n\/\/ UserController.java\n@Controller\npublicclass UserController {\n    @Autowired\n    private UserService userService;\n\n    public void createUser() {\n        userService.registerUser();\n    }\n}\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0cUserController<\/code>\u00a0\u901a\u8fc7\u00a0@Autowired<\/code>\u00a0\u6ce8\u89e3\uff0c\u6309\u7c7b\u578b\u81ea\u52a8\u88c5\u914d\u4e86\u00a0UserService<\/code>\u00a0\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u7c7b\u00a0UserServiceImpl<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    2.2 \u6309\u540d\u79f0\u88c5\u914d\uff08By Name\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \u6309\u540d\u79f0\u88c5\u914d<\/strong>\u5219\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5c5e\u6027\u540d\u5339\u914d Bean \u7684\u540d\u79f0\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u6ce8\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \u7279\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • \u9700\u8981 Bean \u540d\u79f0\u4e0e\u5c5e\u6027\u540d\u4e00\u81f4<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • \u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u540c\u7c7b\u578b Bean \u7684\u60c5\u51b5<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
      \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a UserService<\/code> \u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \/\/ EmailUserService.java\n@Service(\"emailUserService\")\npublicclass EmailUserService implements UserService {\n    @Override\n    public void registerUser() {\n        System.out.println(\"\u901a\u8fc7\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u6ce8\u518c\u7528\u6237\uff01\");\n    }\n}\n\n\/\/ SmsUserService.java\n@Service(\"smsUserService\")\npublicclass SmsUserService implements UserService {\n    @Override\n    public void registerUser() {\n        System.out.println(\"\u901a\u8fc7\u77ed\u4fe1\u6ce8\u518c\u7528\u6237\uff01\");\n    }\n}\n\n\/\/ UserController.java\n@Controller\npublicclass UserController {\n    \/\/ \u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u540d\u9700\u8981\u4e0e Bean \u540d\u79f0\u5339\u914d\n    @Autowired\n    @Qualifier(\"emailUserService\")\n    private UserService userService;\n\n    public void createUser() {\n        userService.registerUser();\n    }\n}\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u00a0@Qualifier<\/code>\u00a0\u6ce8\u89e3\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u00a0emailUserService<\/code>\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4e86\u6309\u540d\u79f0\u88c5\u914d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      2.3 \u6784\u9020\u5668\u88c5\u914d\uff08Constructor\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \u6784\u9020\u5668\u88c5\u914d<\/strong>\u901a\u8fc7\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u6ce8\u5165\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u5f3a\u5236\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \u7279\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      • \u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u5bf9\u8c61<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • \u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u7f16\u5199\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4ee3\u7801<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
        \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \/\/ UserServiceImpl.java\n@Service\npublicclass UserServiceImpl implements UserService {\n    @Override\n    public void registerUser() {\n        System.out.println(\"\u7528\u6237\u6ce8\u518c\u6210\u529f\uff01\");\n    }\n}\n\n\/\/ UserController.java\n@Controller\npublicclass UserController {\n    privatefinal UserService userService;\n\n    \/\/ \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\u6ce8\u5165\n    @Autowired\n    public UserController(UserService userService) {\n        this.userService = userService;\n    }\n\n    public void createUser() {\n        userService.registerUser();\n    }\n}\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        \u901a\u8fc7\u6784\u9020\u5668\u6ce8\u5165\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u00a0UserController<\/code>\u00a0\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u5fc5\u5b9a\u62e5\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u00a0UserService<\/code>\u00a0\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        2.4 \u4f7f\u7528 @Autowired<\/code> \u6ce8\u89e3<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
        @Autowired<\/code> \u662f Spring \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6ce8\u89e3\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6807\u6ce8\u9700\u8981\u81ea\u52a8\u88c5\u914d\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u3001\u6784\u9020\u5668\u6216\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \u7279\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
          \n
        • \u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u9ad8<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • \u652f\u6301\u6309\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u6309\u540d\u79f0\u53ca\u6784\u9020\u5668\u6ce8\u5165<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
          \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
          \u9664\u4e86\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c@Autowired<\/code> \u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u65b9\u6cd5\u6ce8\u5165\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          \/\/ UserController.java\n@Controller\npublic class UserController {\n    private UserService userService;\n\n    @Autowired\n    public void setUserService(UserService userService) {\n        this.userService = userService;\n    }\n\n    public void createUser() {\n        userService.registerUser();\n    }\n}\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          \u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u901a\u8fc7 setter \u65b9\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          3. \u81ea\u52a8\u88c5\u914d\u7684\u539f\u7406\u89e3\u6790<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
          \n\n\n\n
          \u7406\u89e3\u4e86\u81ea\u52a8\u88c5\u914d\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u770b\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u539f\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          Spring \u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u88c5\u914d\u4e3b\u8981\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e \u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\uff08Dependency Injection, DI\uff09<\/strong> \u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u5bb9\u5668\u5728\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u626b\u63cf\u914d\u7f6e\u7684 Bean\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u53cd\u5c04\u548c\u4ee3\u7406\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5c06\u9700\u8981\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          \u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5f53 Spring \u5bb9\u5668\u53d1\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a Bean \u88ab\u6807\u6ce8\u4e86 @Autowired<\/code>\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
            \n
          1. \u68c0\u7d22\u5bb9\u5668\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u7b26\u5408\u7c7b\u578b\u6216\u540d\u79f0\u7684 Bean\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          2. \u6839\u636e\u88c5\u914d\u7b56\u7565\uff08\u6309\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u6309\u540d\u79f0\u6216\u6784\u9020\u5668\uff09\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684 Bean\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          3. \u5c06\u9009\u4e2d\u7684 Bean \u6ce8\u5165\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u76f8\u5e94\u5c5e\u6027\u6216\u6784\u9020\u5668\u53c2\u6570\u4e2d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
            \u5982\u679c\u5bb9\u5668\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684 Bean\uff0cSpring \u4f1a\u5c1d\u8bd5\u901a\u8fc7 @Qualifier<\/code> \u6216\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684 Bean \u540d\u79f0\u6765\u533a\u5206\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4f1a\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
            4.\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u4e0e\u4f18\u5316\u5efa\u8bae<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
            \n\n\n\n
            4.1 \u591a\u4e2a Bean \u51b2\u7a81<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
            \u5f53\u5bb9\u5668\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u76f8\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684 Bean \u65f6\uff0c\u6309\u7c7b\u578b\u88c5\u914d\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u51b2\u7a81\u3002\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
              \n
            • \u4f7f\u7528\u00a0@Qualifier<\/code>\u00a0\u6307\u5b9a\u5177\u4f53\u7684 Bean \u540d\u79f0\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • \u4f7f\u7528\u00a0@Primary<\/code>\u00a0\u6807\u6ce8\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684 Bean\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
              \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
              @Service\n@Primary\npublicclass PrimaryUserServiceImpl implements UserService {\n    @Override\n    public void registerUser() {\n        System.out.println(\"\u4e3b\u7528\u6237\u670d\u52a1\u5b9e\u73b0\uff01\");\n    }\n}\n\n@Service\npublicclass SecondaryUserServiceImpl implements UserService {\n    @Override\n    public void registerUser() {\n        System.out.println(\"\u6b21\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u670d\u52a1\u5b9e\u73b0\uff01\");\n    }\n}\n\n\/\/ UserController.java\n@Autowired\nprivate UserService userService; \/\/ \u5c06\u6ce8\u5165 PrimaryUserServiceImpl\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
              5.2 \u5faa\u73af\u4f9d\u8d56<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
              \u5982\u679c\u4e24\u4e2a Bean \u4e92\u76f8\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0cSpring \u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f1a\u5c1d\u8bd5\u89e3\u51b3\u5faa\u73af\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u65f6\u4f1a\u5931\u8d25\u3002\u907f\u514d\u5faa\u73af\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                \n
              • \u91cd\u6784\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11 Bean \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7d27\u8026\u5408\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • \u4f7f\u7528\u00a0@Lazy<\/code>\u00a0\u6ce8\u89e3\u5ef6\u8fdf\u52a0\u8f7d Bean\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                6. \u603b\u7ed3<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                \n\n\n\n
                \u672c\u6587\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5206\u6790\u4e86 Spring \u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u88c5\u914d\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u901a\u8fc7\u4f8b\u5b50\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u88c5\u914d\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u88c5\u914d\u662f Spring\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u5927\u5bb6\u638c\u63e1\u539f\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
                \u8f6c\u8f7d\uff1aSpring \u81ea\u52a8\u88c5\u914d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\uff1f \u81ea\u52a8\u88c5\u914d\u662f Spring\u7684\u4e00\u5927\u6838\u5fc3\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0cSpring\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u88c5 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26,27],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/92it.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16999"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/92it.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/92it.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/92it.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/92it.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=16999"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/92it.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16999\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17000,"href":"https:\/\/92it.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16999\/revisions\/17000"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/92it.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=16999"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/92it.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=16999"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/92it.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=16999"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}