{"id":16804,"date":"2025-01-21T10:26:05","date_gmt":"2025-01-21T02:26:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/92it.top\/?p=16804"},"modified":"2025-01-21T10:26:05","modified_gmt":"2025-01-21T02:26:05","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8-slf4j-%e7%9a%84-mdc-%e5%ae%9e%e7%8e%b0%e5%85%a8%e9%93%be%e8%b7%af%e8%bf%bd%e8%b8%aa%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/92it.top\/?p=16804","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528 SLF4J \u7684 MDC, \u5b9e\u73b0\u5168\u94fe\u8def\u8ffd\u8e2a\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u8f6c\u8f7d\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528 SLF4J \u7684 MDC, \u5b9e\u73b0\u5168\u94fe\u8def\u8ffd\u8e2a\uff1f<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7edf\u6216\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u67b6\u6784\u4e2d\uff0c\u5168\u94fe\u8def\u8ffd\u8e2a\uff08Full-Chain Tracing\uff09<\/strong>\u00a0\u5bf9\u8bca\u65ad\u548c\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528 SLF4J \u7684 MDC \u5b9e\u73b0\u5168\u94fe\u8def\u7684\u00a0traceId<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f SLF4J \u7684MDC\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

MDC<\/code>\uff08Mapped Diagnostic Context\uff0c\u6620\u5c04\u8bca\u65ad\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\uff09\u662f SLF4J \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u65f6\u9644\u52a0\u4e00\u4e9b\u5173\u952e\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4fe1\u606f\uff08\u5982\u00a0traceId<\/code>\u3001userId<\/code>\u00a0\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u65e5\u5fd7\u683c\u5f0f\u4e2d\u88ab\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4e30\u5bcc\u65e5\u5fd7\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u548c\u8ffd\u8e2a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. \u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u5168\u94fe\u8def\u00a0traceId<\/code>\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

2.1 \u751f\u6210\u6216\u63d0\u53d6 traceId<\/code><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5165\u53e3\u70b9\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u3001\u79fb\u52a8\u5e94\u7528\u7b49\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f Web \u63a7\u5236\u5668\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u7f51\u5173\u7b49\uff09\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u552f\u4e00\u7684 traceId<\/code>\uff0c<\/p>\n\n\n\n

import org.slf4j.MDC;\nimport java.util.UUID;\n\npublic void handleRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {\n    String traceId = request.getHeader(\"X-Trace-Id\");\n    if (traceId == null || traceId.isEmpty()) {\n        traceId = UUID.randomUUID().toString();\n    }\n    MDC.put(\"traceId\", traceId);\n    try {\n        \/\/ \u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\n    } finally {\n        MDC.remove(\"traceId\"); \/\/ \u786e\u4fdd\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\n    }\n}\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
2.2 \u914d\u7f6e\u65e5\u5fd7\u683c\u5f0f\u4ee5\u5305\u542b\u00a0traceId<\/code><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5728\u65e5\u5fd7\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u5982\u00a0logback.xml<\/code>\u00a0\u6216\u00a0log4j2.xml<\/code>\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c06\u00a0traceId<\/code>\u00a0\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u65e5\u5fd7\u8f93\u51fa\u683c\u5f0f\u4e2d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 Logback \u65f6\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<configuration>\n    <appender name=\"STDOUT\" class=\"ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender\">\n        <encoder>\n            <pattern>[%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}] [traceId:%X{traceId}] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n<\/pattern>\n        <\/encoder>\n    <\/appender>\n    <root level=\"info\">\n        <appender-ref ref=\"STDOUT\" \/>\n    <\/root>\n<\/configuration>\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u6bcf\u6761\u65e5\u5fd7\u90fd\u4f1a\u5305\u542b\u00a0traceId<\/code>\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u540e\u7eed\u8ffd\u8e2a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2.3 \u4f20\u64ad\u00a0traceId<\/code>\u00a0\u5230\u4e0b\u6e38\u670d\u52a1<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u8c03\u7528\u4e0b\u6e38\u670d\u52a1\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u00a0traceId<\/code>\u00a0\u88ab\u4f20\u9012\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u901a\u8fc7 HTTP \u5934\u90e8\u4f20\u9012\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4f7f\u7528X-Trace-Id<\/code>\u6216\u8005tracestate<\/code>\u00a0\u5934\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;\nimport org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;\nimport org.springframework.http.HttpEntity;\n\npublic void callDownstreamService() {\n    String traceId = MDC.get(\"traceId\");\n    HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();\n    headers.set(\"X-Trace-Id\", traceId);\n    HttpEntity<String> entity = new HttpEntity<>(headers);\n    \n    RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();\n    restTemplate.exchange(\"http:\/\/downstream-service\/api\", HttpMethod.GET, entity, String.class);\n}\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
2.4 \u5728\u4e0b\u6e38\u670d\u52a1\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u00a0traceId<\/code>\u00a0\u5230 MDC<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4e0b\u6e38\u670d\u52a1\u5728\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u00a0traceId<\/code>\u00a0\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5230 MDC\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
public void handleDownstreamRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {\n    String traceId = request.getHeader(\"X-Trace-Id\");\n    if (traceId != null && !traceId.isEmpty()) {\n        MDC.put(\"traceId\", traceId);\n    } else {\n        traceId = UUID.randomUUID().toString();\n        MDC.put(\"traceId\", traceId);\n    }\n    try {\n        \/\/ \u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u5904\u7406\n    } finally {\n        MDC.remove(\"traceId\");\n    }\n}\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
2.5 \u5904\u7406\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u00a0traceId<\/code>\u00a0\u4f20\u64ad<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5728\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u4f7f\u7528\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u6216\u5f02\u6b65\u4efb\u52a1\uff0cMDC \u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e0d\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u4f20\u64ad\u5230\u5b50\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3002\u9700\u8981\u624b\u52a8\u4f20\u9012\u00a0traceId<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;\nimport java.util.concurrent.Executors;\n\npublic void executeAsyncTask() {\n    String traceId = MDC.get(\"traceId\");\n    ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);\n    executor.submit(() -> {\n        MDC.put(\"traceId\", traceId);\n        try {\n            \/\/ \u5f02\u6b65\u4efb\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\n        } finally {\n            MDC.remove(\"traceId\");\n        }\n    });\n}\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u4e3a\u4e86\u7b80\u5316\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684 MDC \u4f20\u64ad\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u50cf\u00a0MDC Decorator\u00a0\u6216\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u00a0Executor<\/code>\u00a0\u6765\u81ea\u52a8\u7ba1\u7406 MDC\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
3. \u4f7f\u7528\u62e6\u622a\u5668\u6216\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\u7edf\u4e00\u7ba1\u7406\u00a0traceId<\/code><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n
\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u624b\u52a8\u8bbe\u7f6e\u548c\u6e05\u7406 traceId<\/code>\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 Spring \u7684\u62e6\u622a\u5668\uff08Interceptor\uff09\u6216 Servlet \u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\uff08Filter\uff09\u6765\u7edf\u4e00\u7ba1\u7406\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528 Spring \u7684\u00a0OncePerRequestFilter<\/code><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;\nimport javax.servlet.ServletException;\nimport javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;\nimport javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;\nimport org.slf4j.MDC;\nimport org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter;\n\npublicclass TraceIdFilter extends OncePerRequestFilter {\n    @Override\n    protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request,\n                                    HttpServletResponse response,\n                                    FilterChain filterChain)\n            throws ServletException, IOException {\n        String traceId = request.getHeader(\"X-Trace-Id\");\n        if (traceId == null || traceId.isEmpty()) {\n            traceId = UUID.randomUUID().toString();\n        }\n        MDC.put(\"traceId\", traceId);\n        try {\n            filterChain.doFilter(request, response);\n        } finally {\n            MDC.remove(\"traceId\");\n        }\n    }\n}\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u5c06\u8be5\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\u6ce8\u518c\u5230 Spring \u5bb9\u5668\u4e2d\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
4. \u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n
1. \u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\u7c7b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;\nimport javax.servlet.ServletException;\nimport javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;\nimport javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;\nimport org.slf4j.MDC;\nimport org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter;\nimport java.io.IOException;\nimport java.util.UUID;\n\npublicclass TraceIdFilter extends OncePerRequestFilter {\n    privatestaticfinal String TRACE_ID_HEADER = \"X-Trace-Id\";\n\n    @Override\n    protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request,\n                                    HttpServletResponse response,\n                                    FilterChain filterChain)\n            throws ServletException, IOException {\n        String traceId = request.getHeader(TRACE_ID_HEADER);\n        if (traceId == null || traceId.isEmpty()) {\n            traceId = UUID.randomUUID().toString();\n        }\n        MDC.put(\"traceId\", traceId);\n        try {\n            filterChain.doFilter(request, response);\n        } finally {\n            MDC.remove(\"traceId\");\n        }\n    }\n}\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
2. Spring Boot \u4e2d\u6ce8\u518c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;\nimport org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;\nimport org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean;\n\n@Configuration\npublicclass WebConfig {\n    @Bean\n    public FilterRegistrationBean<TraceIdFilter> traceIdFilter() {\n        FilterRegistrationBean<TraceIdFilter> registrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean<>();\n        registrationBean.setFilter(new TraceIdFilter());\n        registrationBean.addUrlPatterns(\"\/*\"); \/\/ \u8fc7\u6ee4\u6240\u6709\u8bf7\u6c42\n        registrationBean.setOrder(1); \/\/ \u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\n        return registrationBean;\n    }\n}\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
3. \u65e5\u5fd7\u914d\u7f6e\uff08logback.xml\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
<configuration>\n    <appender name=\"STDOUT\" class=\"ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender\">\n        <encoder>\n            <pattern>[%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}] [traceId:%X{traceId}] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n<\/pattern>\n        <\/encoder>\n    <\/appender>\n    <root level=\"info\">\n        <appender-ref ref=\"STDOUT\" \/>\n    <\/root>\n<\/configuration>\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
5. \u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n
\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u9879\u6280\u672f\u6216\u8005\u4e00\u4e2a\u6846\u67b6\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u5f0a\u7aef\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u624d\u80fd\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u505a\u597d\u6280\u672f\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4f7f\u7528MDC<\/code>\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u4e8b\u9879\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  1. \u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b89\u5168<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u00a0MDC<\/code>\u00a0\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\u548c\u6e05\u7406\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u00a0traceId<\/code>\u00a0\u6cc4\u6f0f\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. \u6027\u80fd\u5f71\u54cd<\/strong>\uff1a\u9891\u7e41\u64cd\u4f5c\u00a0MDC<\/code>\u00a0\u53ef\u80fd\u7565\u5fae\u5f71\u54cd\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u9700\u6743\u8861\u65e5\u5fd7\u8be6\u7ec6\u7a0b\u5ea6\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. \u65e5\u5fd7\u5b58\u50a8<\/strong>\uff1a\u786e\u4fdd\u65e5\u5fd7\u5b58\u50a8\u7cfb\u7edf\u652f\u6301\u548c\u7d22\u5f15\u00a0traceId<\/code>\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u9ad8\u6548\u67e5\u8be2\u548c\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  4. \u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u5f02\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u00a0traceId<\/code>\u00a0\u4ecd\u80fd\u6b63\u786e\u8bb0\u5f55\u5728\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5feb\u901f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
    6. \u603b\u7ed3<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n
    \u672c\u6587\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528MDC<\/code>\u5b9e\u73b0\u5168\u94fe\u8def\u8ffd\u8e2a\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u7406\u4f7f\u7528 SLF4J\u7684MDC<\/code>\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u5168\u94fe\u8def\u7684\u00a0traceId<\/code>\u00a0\u8ffd\u8e2a\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u548c\u8ffd\u8e2a\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u662f\u5efa\u8bae\u7ed3\u5408\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u8ffd\u8e2a\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 Spring Cloud Sleuth\u3001Zipkin \u6216 Jaeger\uff0c\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u66f4\u5168\u9762\u7684\u8ffd\u8e2a\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
    \u8f6c\u8f7d\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528 SLF4J \u7684 MDC, \u5b9e\u73b0\u5168\u94fe\u8def\u8ffd\u8e2a\uff1f \u5728\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7edf\u6216\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u67b6\u6784\u4e2d\uff0c\u5168\u94fe\u8def\u8ffd\u8e2a\uff08Full- […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26,31],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/92it.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16804"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/92it.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/92it.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/92it.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/92it.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=16804"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/92it.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16804\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16805,"href":"https:\/\/92it.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16804\/revisions\/16805"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/92it.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=16804"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/92it.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=16804"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/92it.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=16804"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}