{"id":16144,"date":"2024-08-02T09:05:56","date_gmt":"2024-08-02T01:05:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/92it.top\/?p=16144"},"modified":"2024-08-02T09:05:56","modified_gmt":"2024-08-02T01:05:56","slug":"linux-%e8%be%93%e5%85%a5%e8%be%93%e5%87%ba%e9%87%8d%e5%ae%9a%e5%90%91%ef%bc%81%e5%8d%81%e5%88%86%e9%92%9f%e5%b8%a6%e4%bd%a0%e6%8e%8c%e6%8f%a1%ef%bc%81","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/92it.top\/?p=16144","title":{"rendered":"Linux \u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\uff01\u5341\u5206\u949f\u5e26\u4f60\u638c\u63e1\uff01"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u8f6c\u8f7d\uff1aLinux \u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\uff01\u5341\u5206\u949f\u5e26\u4f60\u638c\u63e1\uff01<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728 Linux\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u5c06\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u548c\u8f93\u51fa\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u80fd\u529b\u4f7f\u5f97\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u52a0\u7075\u6d3b\u5730\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u590d\u6742\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u8ba8\u8bba Linux\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u3001\u539f\u7406\u3001\u57fa\u672c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u4e9b\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7528\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5b9a\u4e49<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\uff08I\/O Redirection\uff09\u662f\u6307\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u5c06\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u3001\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u6216\u6807\u51c6\u9519\u8bef\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\uff08Standard Input\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0stdin\uff09\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u952e\u76d8\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\uff08Standard Output\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0stdout\uff09\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u5c4f\u5e55\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u6807\u51c6\u9519\u8bef\uff08Standard Error\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0stderr\uff09\u901a\u5e38\u4e5f\u662f\u5c4f\u5e55\u663e\u793a\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u539f\u7406<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u90fd\u4e0e\u4e09\u4e2a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u76f8\u5173\u8054\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • \u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\uff08stdin\uff09\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u4e3a0\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4ece\u952e\u76d8\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\uff08stdout\uff09\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u4e3a1\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u5c4f\u5e55\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u6807\u51c6\u9519\u8bef\uff08stderr\uff09\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u4e3a2\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5c06\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u5c4f\u5e55\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    \u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u7684\u539f\u7406\u5c31\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4fee\u6539\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\uff0c\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u6307\u5411\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u548c\u8f93\u51fa\u5c31\u4e0d\u518d\u5c40\u9650\u4e8e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u952e\u76d8\u548c\u5c4f\u5e55\uff0c\u800c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u57fa\u672c\u64cd\u4f5c<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n\n\n\n

    \u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u662f\u5c06\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u663e\u793a\u5728\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e0a\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528><\/code>\u548c>><\/code>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    • ><\/code>\uff1a\u5c06\u8f93\u51fa\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u8986\u76d6\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • >><\/code>\uff1a\u5c06\u8f93\u51fa\u8ffd\u52a0\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u672b\u5c3e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
      # \u8986\u76d6\u8f93\u51fa\necho \"Hello\" > output.txt\n\n# \u8ffd\u52a0\u8f93\u51fa\necho \"World!\" >> output.txt<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u662f\u5c06\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u4e3a\u6765\u81ea\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u952e\u76d8\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<<\/code>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      # \u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u8f93\u5165\nsort < input.txt<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \u6807\u51c6\u9519\u8bef\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \u6807\u51c6\u9519\u8bef\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u662f\u5c06\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u663e\u793a\u5728\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 2><\/code> \u548c 2>><\/code>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      • 2><\/code>\uff1a\u5c06\u9519\u8bef\u8f93\u51fa\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u8986\u76d6\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • 2>><\/code>\uff1a\u5c06\u9519\u8bef\u8f93\u51fa\u8ffd\u52a0\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u672b\u5c3e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
        # \u8986\u76d6\u9519\u8bef\u8f93\u51fa\nls non_existing_file 2> error.log\n\n# \u8ffd\u52a0\u9519\u8bef\u8f93\u51fa\nls another_non_existing_file 2>> error.log<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        \u5408\u5e76\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u548c\u6807\u51c6\u9519\u8bef<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \u6709\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u548c\u6807\u51c6\u9519\u8bef\u5408\u5e76\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528&><\/code>\u548c&>><\/code>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          \n
        • &><\/code>\uff1a\u5c06\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u548c\u6807\u51c6\u9519\u8bef\u5408\u5e76\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • &>><\/code>\uff1a\u5c06\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u548c\u6807\u51c6\u9519\u8bef\u5408\u5e76\u8ffd\u52a0\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
          # \u8986\u76d6\u8f93\u51fa\u548c\u9519\u8bef\ncommand &> output_and_error.log\n\n# \u8ffd\u52a0\u8f93\u51fa\u548c\u9519\u8bef\ncommand &>> output_and_error.log<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          \u9ad8\u7ea7\u7528\u6cd5<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
          \n\n\n\n
          \u7ba1\u9053\uff08Pipe\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
          \u7ba1\u9053\u5141\u8bb8\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528|<\/code>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          # \u5c06ls\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u4f5c\u4e3agrep\u7684\u8f93\u5165\nls | grep \"pattern\"<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          Here Document<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
          Here Document\u5141\u8bb8\u5c06\u591a\u884c\u8f93\u5165\u4f5c\u4e3a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<<<\/code>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          # \u591a\u884c\u8f93\u5165\ncat << EOF\nThis is line 1\nThis is line 2\nEOF<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          Here String<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
          Here String\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4f5c\u4e3a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<<<<\/code>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          # \u5355\u884c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8f93\u5165\ngrep \"pattern\" <<< \"This is a test string\"<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          \u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
          \u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u4efb\u610f\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b263\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          # \u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b263\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u6587\u4ef6output.txt\nexec 3> output.txt\n\n# \u5c06\u4e00\u4e9b\u5185\u5bb9\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b263\necho \"Hello, FD 3!\" >&3\n\n# \u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b263\nexec 3>&-<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          \u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u793a\u4f8b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
          \n\n\n\n
          \u793a\u4f8b1\uff1a\u5c06\u547d\u4ee4\u8f93\u51fa\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          # \u5c06echo\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u6587\u4ef6output.txt\necho \"Hello, World!\" > output.txt\ncat output.txt\n# Output: Hello, World!<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          \u793a\u4f8b2\uff1a\u5c06\u9519\u8bef\u8f93\u51fa\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          # \u5c1d\u8bd5\u5217\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5c06\u9519\u8bef\u8f93\u51fa\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230error.log\nls non_existing_file 2> error.log\ncat error.log\n# Output: ls: cannot access 'non_existing_file': No such file or directory<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          \u793a\u4f8b3\uff1a\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u4f7f\u7528<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          # \u5c06ls\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u901a\u8fc7\u7ba1\u9053\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9grep\nls | grep \"pattern\"\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          \u793a\u4f8b4\uff1aHere Document\u7684\u4f7f\u7528<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          # \u4f7f\u7528Here Document\u4f20\u9012\u591a\u884c\u8f93\u5165\u7ed9cat\u547d\u4ee4\ncat << EOF\nThis is line 1\nThis is line 2\nEOF<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          \u793a\u4f8b5\uff1aHere String\u7684\u4f7f\u7528<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          # \u4f7f\u7528Here String\u4f20\u9012\u5355\u884c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7ed9grep\u547d\u4ee4\ngrep \"line\" <<< \"This is a line of text\"\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          \u793a\u4f8b6\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          # \u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b263\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u6587\u4ef6output.txt\nexec 3> output.txt\n\n# \u5c06\u4e00\u4e9b\u5185\u5bb9\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b263\necho \"Hello, FD 3!\" >&3\n\n# \u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b263\nexec 3>&-<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          \u603b\u7ed3<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
          \n\n\n\n
          Linux\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u6237\u80fd\u591f\u7075\u6d3b\u5730\u5904\u7406\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u7406\u89e3\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u3001\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u548c\u6807\u51c6\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u548c\u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7528\u6cd5\u5982\u7ba1\u9053\u3001Here Document\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6269\u5c55\u4e86\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742\u4efb\u52a1\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u5bb9\u6613\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u672c\u6587\u80fd\u591f\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bfb\u8005\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3Linux\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
          \u8f6c\u8f7d\uff1aLinux \u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\uff01\u5341\u5206\u949f\u5e26\u4f60\u638c\u63e1\uff01 \u5728 Linux\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6982 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/92it.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16144"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/92it.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/92it.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/92it.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/92it.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=16144"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/92it.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16144\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16146,"href":"https:\/\/92it.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16144\/revisions\/16146"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/92it.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=16144"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/92it.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=16144"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/92it.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=16144"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}