{"id":12887,"date":"2023-10-11T13:14:51","date_gmt":"2023-10-11T05:14:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/92it.top\/?p=12887"},"modified":"2023-10-11T13:16:48","modified_gmt":"2023-10-11T05:16:48","slug":"%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e5%ba%93%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e7%b4%a2%e5%bc%95","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/92it.top\/?p=12887","title":{"rendered":"\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u7d22\u5f15\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

\u7d22\u5f15\u662f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u8868\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e0a\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u6dfb\u52a0\u7d22\u5f15<\/a>\u6765\u63d0\u9ad8\u67e5\u627e\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u591a\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u8054\u5408\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u7d22\u5f15\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u53c2\u8003\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u7d22\u5f15\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u76ee\u5f55\u7f29\u5c0f\u67e5\u627e\u8303\u56f4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u539f\u7406<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5047\u8bbe\u6709\u4e00\u5f20\u7528\u6237\u8868\uff1at_user\n \n    id(PK)                  name                        \u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u8bb0\u5f55\u5728\u786c\u76d8\u4e0a\u90fd\u6709\u7269\u7406\u5b58\u50a8\u7f16\u53f7\n    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n    100                     zhangsan                    0x1111\n    120                     lisi                               0x2222\n    99                       wangwu                     0x8888\n    88                       zhaoliu                       0x9999\n    101                     jack                            0x6666\n    55                       lucy                            0x5555\n    130                     tom                            0x7777\n\n\u63d0\u91921\uff1a\n\n\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5f53\u4e2d\u4e3b\u952e\u4e0a\u90fd\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u6dfb\u52a0\u7d22\u5f15\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0cid\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e0a\u81ea\u52a8\u6709\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3aid\u662f\u4e3b\u952e\u3002\u53e6\u5916\u5728mysql\u5f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e0a\u5982\u679c\u6709unique\u7ea6\u675f\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u521b\u5efa\u7d22\u5f15\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\n \n\u63d0\u91922\uff1a\n\n\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u5f20\u8868\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u786c\u76d8\u5b58\u50a8\u4e0a\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u786c\u76d8\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5b58\u50a8\u7f16\u53f7\u3002\n\n\u63d0\u91923\uff1a\n\n\u4e0d\u7ba1\u7d22\u5f15\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\uff0c\u7d22\u5f15\u5728mysql\u5f53\u4e2d\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6811\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b58\u5728\u3002\uff08\u81ea\u5e73\u8861\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff1aB-Tree\uff09\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n
\u5047\u5982sql\u8bed\u53e5\u662f\uff1aselect * from t_user where id = 101;\n\n\u6761\u4ef6\u662fid = 101\uff0cmysql\u53d1\u73b0id\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e0a\u6709\u7d22\u5f15\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u5bf9\u8c61\u8fdb\u884c\u67e5\u627e\uff1a\n\n101\u6bd4100\u5927\uff0c\u770b\u53f3\u8fb9\n\n101\u6bd4120\u5c0f\uff0c\u770b\u5de6\u8fb9\n\n\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5230101\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5230\u7684101\u5f97\u51fa\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u7269\u7406\u7f16\u53f70x6666\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u8f6c\u6362sql\u8bed\u53e5\u6210\uff1a\n\nselect * from t_user where \u7269\u7406\u7f16\u53f7 = 0x6666;\n\n\u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u8fc7\u7269\u7406\u7f16\u53f70x6666\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5230\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\n\n101                     jack                            0x6666\uff0c\n\n\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u7528\u6237\u3002\n\n\u5047\u5982id\u5b57\u6bb5\u6ca1\u6709\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u4ed6\u4f1a\u5230id\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u4ece\u4e0a\u5230\u4e0b\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u627e\u5230101\uff0c\u6548\u7387\u5f88\u4f4e\u3002<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u8003\u8651\u6dfb\u52a0\u7d22\u5f15\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4ec0\u4e48\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u8003\u8651\u7ed9\u5b57\u6bb5\u6dfb\u52a0\u7d22\u5f15\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u6761\u4ef61\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u5e9e\u5927\uff08\u5230\u5e95\u6709\u591a\u4e48\u5e9e\u5927\u7b97\u5e9e\u5927\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9700\u8981\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u786c\u4ef6\u73af\u5883\u4e0d\u540c\uff09\n\u6761\u4ef62\uff1a\u8be5\u5b57\u6bb5\u7ecf\u5e38\u51fa\u73b0\u5728where\u7684\u540e\u9762\uff0c\u4ee5\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u603b\u662f\u88ab\u626b\u63cf\u3002\n\u6761\u4ef63\uff1a\u8be5\u5b57\u6bb5\u5f88\u5c11\u7684DML(insert delete update)\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\uff08\u56e0\u4e3aDML\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7d22\u5f15\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\uff09<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u5efa\u8bae\u4e0d\u8981\u968f\u610f\u6dfb\u52a0\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7d22\u5f15\u4e5f\u662f\u9700\u8981\u7ef4\u62a4\u7684\uff0c\u592a\u591a\u7684\u8bdd\u53cd\u800c\u4f1a\u964d\u4f4e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002
\u5efa\u8bae\u901a\u8fc7\u4e3b\u952e\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u901a\u8fc7unique\u7ea6\u675f\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u8fdb\u884c\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u6548\u7387\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u7c7b\u578b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5206\u5355\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\u3001\u7ec4\u5408\u7d22\u5f15\u548c\u5168\u6587\u7d22\u5f15\n\n\u5355\u5217\u7d22\u5f15\uff1a\n\n    \u4e3b\u952e\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8868\u7684\u4e3b\u952e\u5b57\u6bb5\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u521b\u5efa\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\n    \u552f\u4e00\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u5f53\u67d0\u4e2a\u5217\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86Unique\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u521b\u5efa\u552f\u4e00\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u503c\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u3002\n    \u666e\u901a\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u7ed9\u666e\u901a\u5b57\u6bb5\u6dfb\u52a0\u7d22\u5f15\u5c31\u662f\u666e\u901a\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\n\n\u7ec4\u5408\u7d22\u5f15\uff1a\n\n    \u591a\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u67e5\u8be2\u6761\u4ef6\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u7ec4\u5408\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u7d22\u5f15\u624d\u4f1a\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u7ec4\u5408\u7d22\u5f15\u662f\u9075\u5faa\u6700\u5de6\u524d\u7f00\u539f\u5219\u3002\n\nCREATE INDEX index_id_name ON mytable(id,name)\uff1b\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u6709\u7d22\u5f15\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u600e\u4e48\u7528\u7d22\u5f15\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n
\u521b\u5efa\u7d22\u5f15\uff1a\n\n    create index \u8981\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u540d on \u8981\u521b\u5efa\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u8868\u540d(\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5);\n\n\u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15\uff1a\n\n    drop index \u8981\u5220\u9664\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u540d on \u8981\u5220\u9664\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u6240\u5728\u7684\u8868\u540d;\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u600e\u4e48\u67e5\u770b\u4e00\u6761sql\u8bed\u53e5\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u7d22\u5f15\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
dept\u8868\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n
\u89e3\u91ca\u8fd9\u6761sql\u8bed\u53e5\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
EXPLAIN select * from dept where loc = ‘\u5317\u4eac’;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n
 rows = 5\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u904d\u5386\u4e865\u6761\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u662f\u5168\u90e8\u90fd\u904d\u5386\u67e5\u627e\u6bd4\u5bf9\uff0c\u627eloc = ‘\u5317\u4eac’\uff0c\u8bf4\u660eloc\u5b57\u6bb5\u6ca1\u6709\u7d22\u5f15\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u7ed9loc\u5b57\u6bb5\u6dfb\u52a0\u7d22\u5f15\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
create index locIndex on dept(loc);<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u518d\u6267\u884csql\u8bed\u53e5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
EXPLAIN select * from dept where loc = ‘\u5317\u4eac’;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n
 rows = 2\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u904d\u5386\u4e862\u6761\uff0c\u8bf4\u660eloc\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u7d22\u5f15\u5931\u6548\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u5e94\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n
\u5931\u6548\u7684\u7b2c1\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a\n    select * from emp where ename like '%T';\n\nename\u4e0a\u5373\u4f7f\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8d70\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6a21\u7cca\u5339\u914d\u5f53\u4e2d\u4ee5\u201c%\u201d\u5f00\u5934\u4e86\uff0cmysql\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u3002\n\n\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff1a\u5c3d\u91cf\u907f\u514d\u6a21\u7cca\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4ee5\u201c%\u201d\u5f00\u59cb\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\/\u7b56\u7565\u3002\n\n\u5931\u6548\u7684\u7b2c2\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528or\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4f1a\u5931\u6548\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528or\u90a3\u4e48\u8981\u6c42or\u4e24\u8fb9\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u5b57\u6bb5\u90fd\u8981\u6709\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u624d\u4f1a\u8d70\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u5982\u679cor\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u8fb9\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u6ca1\u6709\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e0a\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5931\u6548\u3002\n\n\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff1a\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528or\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528or\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002 \u6216\u4f7f\u7528union\u8054\u5408\u67e5\u8be2\u3002\n\n\u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1a\n\ndept\u8868\uff0cloc\u5b57\u6bb5\u6709\u7d22\u5f15\uff0cdeptname\u5b57\u6bb5\u6ca1\u6709\u7d22\u5f15\n\n    select * from dept where loc = '\u798f\u5efa' or deptname = '\u4fe1\u606f\u90e8';\n\n\u67e5\u8be2\u4f4d\u4e8e\u798f\u5efa\u7684\u6216\u8005\u4fe1\u606f\u90e8\u7684\u90e8\u95e8\u4fe1\u606f\n\n\u4ee5\u4e0asql\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u7531\u4e8edeptname\u6ca1\u6709\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4loc\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u5931\u6548\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528union\u8054\u5408\u67e5\u8be2\uff1a\n\n    select * from dept where loc = '\u798f\u5efa'\n\n      union\n\n    select * from dept where deptname = '\u4fe1\u606f\u90e8';\n\n\u8fd9\u6837loc\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u8fd8\u662f\u751f\u6548\u7684\u3002\n \n\n\u5931\u6548\u7684\u7b2c3\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u590d\u5408\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u7528\u5230\u5de6\u4fa7\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u67e5\u627e\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u7d22\u5f15\u5931\u6548\n\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u590d\u5408\u7d22\u5f15\uff1f \u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u8054\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u53eb\u505a\u590d\u5408\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\n\n    create index emp_job_sal_index on emp(job,sal);\n\n\u7d22\u5f15\u6b63\u5e38\uff1aexplain select * from emp where job = 'MANAGER';\n\n\u7d22\u5f15\u5931\u6548\uff1aexplain select * from emp where sal = 800;\n\n\u5931\u6548\u7684\u7b2c4\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a\u5728where\u5f53\u4e2d\u7d22\u5f15\u5217\u53c2\u52a0\u4e86\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u7d22\u5f15\u5931\u6548\u3002\n    create index emp_sal_index on emp(sal);\n\n\u7d22\u5f15\u6b63\u5e38\uff1aexplain select * from emp where sal = 800;\n\n\u7d22\u5f15\u5931\u6548\uff1aexplain select * from emp where sal+1 = 800;\n\n\u5931\u6548\u7684\u7b2c5\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a\u5728where\u5f53\u4e2d\u7d22\u5f15\u5217\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u51fd\u6570\n    ename\u5b57\u6bb5\u6709\u7d22\u5f15\n    explain select * from emp where lower(ename) = 'smith';\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u603b\u7ed3<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n
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