{"id":12549,"date":"2023-09-05T14:37:12","date_gmt":"2023-09-05T06:37:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/92it.top\/?p=12549"},"modified":"2023-09-05T14:41:46","modified_gmt":"2023-09-05T06:41:46","slug":"optional-%e6%98%af%e4%b8%aa%e5%a5%bd%e4%b8%9c%e8%a5%bf%ef%bc%8c%e4%bd%a0%e7%9c%9f%e7%9a%84%e4%bc%9a%e7%94%a8%e4%b9%88%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/92it.top\/?p=12549","title":{"rendered":"Optional \u662f\u4e2a\u597d\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u4f60\u771f\u7684\u4f1a\u7528\u4e48\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>\u5f15\u8a00<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u5f00\u5934\uff0c\u5148\u8bf4\u4e0bNPE\u95ee\u9898\uff0cNPE\u95ee\u9898\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u7ecf\u5e38\u78b0\u5230\u7684NullPointerException.\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u7c7b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684UML\u7c7b\u56fe\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/92it.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/\u56fe\u7247-13.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12550\" width=\"358\" height=\"117\" srcset=\"https:\/\/92it.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/\u56fe\u7247-13.png 1024w, https:\/\/92it.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/\u56fe\u7247-13-300x98.png 300w, https:\/\/92it.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/\u56fe\u7247-13-768x252.png 768w, https:\/\/92it.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/\u56fe\u7247-13-830x272.png 830w, https:\/\/92it.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/\u56fe\u7247-13-230x75.png 230w, https:\/\/92it.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/\u56fe\u7247-13-350x115.png 350w, https:\/\/92it.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/\u56fe\u7247-13-480x158.png 480w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 358px) 100vw, 358px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">user.getAddress().getProvince();<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u5199\u6cd5\uff0c\u5728user\u4e3anull\u65f6\uff0c\u662f\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u62a5NullPointerException\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u91c7\u7528\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u5199\u6cd5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">if(user!=null){\n    Address address = user.getAddress();\n    if(address!=null){\n        String province = address.getProvince();\n    }\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u5199\u6cd5\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e11\u964b\u7684\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e11\u964b\u7684\u5199\u6cd5\uff0c\u8ba9\u4e11\u964b\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u53d8\u5f97\u4f18\u96c5\u3002JAVA8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86Optional\u7c7b\u6765\u4f18\u5316\u8fd9\u79cd\u5199\u6cd5\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u6b63\u6587\u90e8\u5206\u8fdb\u884c\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bf4\u660e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>API\u4ecb\u7ecd<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5148\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e0bAPI\uff0c\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u7ae0\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u91c7\u53d6\u7c7b\u6bd4\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u8bb2\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u7ed3\u5408\u6e90\u7801\u3002\u800c\u4e0d\u50cf\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u7ae0\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2aAPI\u7f57\u5217\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u8ba9\u4eba\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u91cd\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9996\u5148\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u6253\u5f00Optional\u7684\u5185\u90e8,\u53bb\u4e00\u63a2\u7a76\u7adf \u5148\u628a\u51e0\u4e2a\u521b\u5efaOptional\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u63d0\u53d6\u51fa\u6765<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1\u3001Optional(T value),empty(),of(T value),ofNullable(T value)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u56db\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u4e4b\u95f4\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u5173\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u653e\u5728\u4e00\u7ec4\u8fdb\u884c\u8bb0\u5fc6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5148\u8bf4\u660e\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c<code>Optional(T value)<\/code>\uff0c\u5373\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5b83\u662fprivate\u6743\u9650\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u7531\u5916\u90e8\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u3002\u5176\u4f59\u4e09\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u662fpublic\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u4f9b\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u8c03\u7528\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff0cOptional\u7684\u672c\u8d28\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5185\u90e8\u50a8\u5b58\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u5728\u6784\u9020\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5c31\u76f4\u63a5\u5224\u65ad\u5176\u503c\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a\u3002\u597d\u5427\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e48\u8bf4\u8fd8\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u62bd\u8c61\u3002\u76f4\u63a5\u4e0a<code>Optional(T value)<\/code>\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6e90\u7801\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/92it.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/\u56fe\u7247-14-1024x467.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12551\" width=\"437\" height=\"199\" srcset=\"https:\/\/92it.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/\u56fe\u7247-14-1024x467.png 1024w, https:\/\/92it.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/\u56fe\u7247-14-300x137.png 300w, https:\/\/92it.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/\u56fe\u7247-14-768x350.png 768w, https:\/\/92it.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/\u56fe\u7247-14-830x379.png 830w, https:\/\/92it.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/\u56fe\u7247-14-230x105.png 230w, https:\/\/92it.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/\u56fe\u7247-14-350x160.png 350w, https:\/\/92it.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/\u56fe\u7247-14-480x219.png 480w, https:\/\/92it.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/\u56fe\u7247-14.png 1504w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 437px) 100vw, 437px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u90a3\u4e48\uff0cof(T value)\u7684\u6e90\u7801\u5982\u4e0b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">public static &lt;T> Optional&lt;T> of(T value) {\n    return new Optional&lt;>(value);\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4of(T value)\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u90e8\u8c03\u7528\u4e86\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u6839\u636e\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6e90\u7801\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u51fa\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ed3\u8bba:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>\u901a\u8fc7<code>of(T value)<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u6240\u6784\u9020\u51fa\u7684Optional\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5f53Value\u503c\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\uff0c\u4f9d\u7136\u4f1a\u62a5NullPointerException\u3002<\/li><li>\u901a\u8fc7<code>of(T value)<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u6240\u6784\u9020\u51fa\u7684Optional\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5f53Value\u503c\u4e0d\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\uff0c\u80fd\u6b63\u5e38\u6784\u9020Optional\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\u5462\uff0cOptional\u7c7b\u5185\u90e8\u8fd8\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e00\u4e2avalue\u4e3anull\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5927\u6982\u5c31\u662f\u957f\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u6837\u7684<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">public final class Optional&lt;T> {\n    \/\/\u7701\u7565....\n    private static final Optional&lt;?> EMPTY = new Optional&lt;>();\n    private Optional() {\n        this.value = null;\n    }\n    \/\/\u7701\u7565...\n    public static&lt;T> Optional&lt;T> empty() {\n        @SuppressWarnings(\"unchecked\")\n        Optional&lt;T> t = (Optional&lt;T>) EMPTY;\n        return t;\n    }\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c<code>empty\uff08\uff09<\/code>\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u5c31\u662f\u8fd4\u56deEMPTY\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u597d\u4e86\u94fa\u57ab\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e48\u591a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4<code>ofNullable(T value)<\/code>\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u4e86\uff0c\u4e0a\u6e90\u7801<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">public static &lt;T> Optional&lt;T> ofNullable(T value) {\n    return value == null ? empty() : of(value);\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u597d\u5427\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u5e94\u8be5\u90fd\u770b\u5f97\u61c2\u4ec0\u4e48\u610f\u601d\u4e86\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u8f83<code>of(T value)<\/code>\u7684\u533a\u522b\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u5f53value\u503c\u4e3anull\u65f6\uff0cof(T value)\u4f1a\u62a5NullPointerException\u5f02\u5e38\uff1b<code>ofNullable(T value)<\/code>\u4e0d\u4f1athrow Exception\uff0c<code>ofNullable(T value)<\/code>\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a<code>EMPTY<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u90a3\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u610f\u5473\u7740\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u53ea\u7528<code>ofNullable<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u800c\u4e0d\u7528of\u51fd\u6570\u5462?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0d\u662f\u7684\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\u5b58\u5728\u90a3\u4e48\u81ea\u7136\u6709\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u60f3\u9690\u85cf<code>NullPointerException<\/code>\u3002\u800c\u662f\u8981\u7acb\u5373\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5c31\u7528Of\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u627f\u8ba4\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u573a\u666f\u771f\u7684\u5f88\u5c11\u3002\u535a\u4e3b\u4e5f\u4ec5\u5728\u5199junit\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\u4e2d\u7528\u5230\u8fc7\u6b64\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2\u3001orElse(T other)\uff0corElseGet(Supplier&lt;? extends T&gt; other)\u548corElseThrow(Supplier&lt;? extends X&gt; exceptionSupplier)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u653e\u4e00\u7ec4\u8fdb\u884c\u8bb0\u5fc6\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u4f20\u5165\u7684value\u503c\u4e3anull\u65f6\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u3002<code>orElse<\/code>\u548c<code>orElseGet<\/code>\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8evalue\u503c\u4e3anull\u65f6\uff0c\u7ed9\u4e88\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">@Test\npublic void test() {\n    User user = null;\n    user = Optional.ofNullable(user).orElse(createUser());\n    user = Optional.ofNullable(user).orElseGet(() -> createUser());\n\n}\npublic User createUser(){\n    User user = new User();\n    user.setName(\"zhangsan\");\n    return user;\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff1a\u5f53user\u503c\u4e0d\u4e3anull\u65f6\uff0c<code>orElse<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u4f9d\u7136\u4f1a\u6267\u884ccreateUser()\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c<code>orElseGet<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6267\u884ccreateUser()\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u53ef\u81ea\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u81f3\u4e8eorElseThrow\uff0c\u5c31\u662fvalue\u503c\u4e3anull\u65f6,\u76f4\u63a5\u629b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f02\u5e38\u51fa\u53bb\uff0c\u7528\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">User user = null;\nOptional.ofNullable(user).orElseThrow(()->new Exception(\"\u7528\u6237\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\"));<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3\u3001map(Function&lt;? super T, ? extends U&gt; mapper)\u548cflatMap(Function&lt;? super T, Optional&lt;U&gt;&gt; mapper)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u653e\u5728\u4e00\u7ec4\u8bb0\u5fc6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u505a\u7684\u662f\u8f6c\u6362\u503c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u76f4\u63a5\u4e0a\u6e90\u7801<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">public final class Optional&lt;T> {\n    \/\/\u7701\u7565....\n     public&lt;U> Optional&lt;U> map(Function&lt;? super T, ? extends U> mapper) {\n        Objects.requireNonNull(mapper);\n        if (!isPresent())\n            return empty();\n        else {\n            return Optional.ofNullable(mapper.apply(value));\n        }\n    }\n    \/\/\u7701\u7565...\n     public&lt;U> Optional&lt;U> flatMap(Function&lt;? super T, Optional&lt;U>> mapper) {\n        Objects.requireNonNull(mapper);\n        if (!isPresent())\n            return empty();\n        else {\n            return Objects.requireNonNull(mapper.apply(value));\n        }\n    }\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u4f53\u4e0a\u6ca1\u4ec0\u4e48\u533a\u522b\u3002\u552f\u4e00\u533a\u522b\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u5165\u53c2\uff0cmap\u51fd\u6570\u6240\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u5165\u53c2\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3a<code>Function&lt;? super T, ? extends U&gt;<\/code>\uff0c\u800cflapMap\u7684\u5165\u53c2\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3a<code>Function&lt;? super T, Optional&lt;U&gt;&gt;<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u5177\u4f53\u7528\u6cd5\u4e0a\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8emap\u800c\u8a00\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679cUser\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u6837\u7684<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">public class User {\n    private String name;\n    public String getName() {\n        return name;\n    }\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\u53d6name\u7684\u5199\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">String city = Optional.ofNullable(user).map(u-> u.getName()).get();<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8eflatMap\u800c\u8a00:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679cUser\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u6837\u7684<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">public class User {\n    private String name;\n    public Optional&lt;String> getName() {\n        return Optional.ofNullable(name);\n    }\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\u53d6name\u7684\u5199\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">String city = Optional.ofNullable(user).flatMap(u-> u.getName()).get();<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>4\u3001isPresent()\u548cifPresent(Consumer&lt;? super T&gt; consumer)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u653e\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u8bb0\u5fc6\uff0c<code>isPresent<\/code>\u5373\u5224\u65advalue\u503c\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u800c<code>ifPresent<\/code>\u5c31\u662f\u5728value\u503c\u4e0d\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\uff0c\u505a\u4e00\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6e90\u7801\u5982\u4e0b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">public final class Optional&lt;T> {\n    \/\/\u7701\u7565....\n    public boolean isPresent() {\n        return value != null;\n    }\n    \/\/\u7701\u7565...\n    public void ifPresent(Consumer&lt;? super T> consumer) {\n        if (value != null)\n            consumer.accept(value);\n    }\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9700\u8981\u989d\u5916\u8bf4\u660e\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u5343\u4e07\u4e0d\u8981\u628a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">if (user != null){\n   \/\/ TODO: do something\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7ed9\u5199\u6210<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">User user = Optional.ofNullable(user);\nif (Optional.isPresent()){\n   \/\/ TODO: do something\n}\n\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u6837\u5199\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u7ed3\u6784\u4f9d\u7136\u4e11\u964b\u3002\u535a\u4e3b\u4f1a\u5728\u540e\u9762\u7ed9\u51fa\u6b63\u786e\u5199\u6cd5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u81f3\u4e8e<code>ifPresent(Consumer&lt;? super T&gt; consumer)<\/code>\uff0c\u7528\u6cd5\u4e5f\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">Optional.ofNullable(user).ifPresent(u->{\n    \/\/ TODO: do something\n});<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>5\u3001filter(Predicate&lt;? super T&gt; predicate)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0d\u591a\u8bf4\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u4e0a\u6e90\u7801<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">public final class Optional&lt;T> {\n    \/\/\u7701\u7565....\n   Objects.requireNonNull(predicate);\n        if (!isPresent())\n            return this;\n        else\n            return predicate.test(value) ? this : empty();\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>filter \u65b9\u6cd5\u63a5\u53d7\u4e00\u4e2a <code>Predicate<\/code> \u6765\u5bf9 <code>Optional<\/code> \u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u7684\u503c\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u6ee4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5305\u542b\u7684\u503c\u6ee1\u8db3\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd8\u662f\u8fd4\u56de\u8fd9\u4e2a Optional\uff1b\u5426\u5219\u8fd4\u56de <code>Optional.empty<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7528\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">Optional&lt;User> user1 = Optional.ofNullable(user).filter(u -> u.getName().length()&lt;6);<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u4e0a\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5982\u679cuser\u7684name\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u662f\u5c0f\u4e8e6\u7684\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u3002\u5982\u679c\u662f\u5927\u4e8e6\u7684\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2aEMPTY\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u5b9e\u6218\u4f7f\u7528<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u4f8b\u4e00<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5\u524d\u5199\u6cd5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">public String getCity(User user)  throws Exception{\n        if(user!=null){\n            if(user.getAddress()!=null){\n                Address address = user.getAddress();\n                if(address.getCity()!=null){\n                    return address.getCity();\n                }\n            }\n        }\n        throw new Excpetion(\"\u53d6\u503c\u9519\u8bef\");\n    }<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>JAVA8\u5199\u6cd5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">public String getCity(User user) throws Exception{\n    return Optional.ofNullable(user)\n                   .map(u-> u.getAddress())\n                   .map(a->a.getCity())\n                   .orElseThrow(()->new Exception(\"\u53d6\u6307\u9519\u8bef\"));\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u4f8b\u4e8c<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u4e3b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5\u524d\u5199\u6cd5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">if(user!=null){\n    dosomething(user);\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>JAVA8\u5199\u6cd5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\"> Optional.ofNullable(user)\n    .ifPresent(u->{\n        dosomething(u);\n});<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u4f8b\u4e09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5\u524d\u5199\u6cd5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">public User getUser(User user) throws Exception{\n    if(user!=null){\n        String name = user.getName();\n        if(\"zhangsan\".equals(name)){\n            return user;\n        }\n    }else{\n        user = new User();\n        user.setName(\"zhangsan\");\n        return user;\n    }\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>java8\u5199\u6cd5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">public User getUser(User user) {\n    return Optional.ofNullable(user)\n                   .filter(u->\"zhangsan\".equals(u.getName()))\n                   .orElseGet(()-> {\n                        User user1 = new User();\n                        user1.setName(\"zhangsan\");\n                        return user1;\n                   });\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e00\u4e00\u5217\u4e3e\u4e86\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u91c7\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u94fe\u5f0f\u7f16\u7a0b\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u4ee3\u7801\u4f18\u96c5\u4e86\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u903b\u8f91\u6027\u6ca1\u90a3\u4e48\u660e\u663e\uff0c\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u6709\u6240\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u770b\u60c5\u51b5\u914c\u60c5\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8f6c\u8f7d\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s\/pEqadpQhjlUxB1ignrFnWw\">https:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s\/pEqadpQhjlUxB1ignrFnWw<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5f15\u8a00 \u5728\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u5f00\u5934\uff0c\u5148\u8bf4\u4e0bNPE\u95ee\u9898\uff0cNPE\u95ee\u9898\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u7ecf\u5e38\u78b0\u5230\u7684NullPointerExcept [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/92it.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12549"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/92it.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/92it.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/92it.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/92it.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=12549"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/92it.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12549\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12558,"href":"https:\/\/92it.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12549\/revisions\/12558"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/92it.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=12549"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/92it.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=12549"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/92it.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=12549"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}